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Network Time Protocol

https://backend.orbit.dtu.dk/ws/files/163020991/TsunamiScour_accepted.pdf

Experimental study of tsunami-induced scour around a monopile foundation

An integrated FEA-CFD simulation of offshore wind turbines with vibration control systems

Tsunami wave run-up load reduction inside a building array

In many granular material simulation applications, DEM capability is focused on the dynamic solid particulate flow properties and on systems in which millions of particles are involved. The time of relevance is many seconds or even minutes of real time. Simplifying assumptions are made to achieve run completion in practical timescales. There are certain applications, typically involving manufactured particles, where a representative pack is of the order of a thousand particles. More accurate capturing of the influence of complex shape is then often possible. Higher accuracies are necessary to model the topology of the void space, for example, for further CFD simulation and optimisation of fluid flow properties. Alternatively, the accuracy may be critical for structural performance and the force or stress transmission through the contact points is to be controlled to avoid material damage and poor function. This paper briefly summarises methods for simulation of shape effects on packing structures in the granular community and narrows the scope to problems where shape effects are of overriding concern. Two applications of mono-sized, mono-shaped packing problems are highlighted: catalyst support pellets in gas reforming and concrete armour units in breakwater structures. The clear advantages of FDEM for complex-shaped particle interactions in packed systems with relatively few particles are discussed. A class of particulate problems, ‘FDEM-suited’ problems, ones that are ideal to be solved by FDEM rather than by DEM, is proposed for science and engineering use.

/pdf/a-class-of-particulate-problems-suited-to-fdem-requiring-56ggee22lo.pdf

A class of particulate problems suited to FDEM requiring accurate simulation of shape effects in packed granular structures

In this study, a multiphase three-dimensional numerical model using the vol- ume of fluid method is applied to investigate tsunami-like bores propagating over dry and wet flume beds and their interaction with a structural model. Physical results from a set of laboratory experiments conducted at the Canadian Hydraulics Centre of the National Research Council (NRC-CHC) in Ottawa, Canada, are used to perform a quantitative and qualitative validation of the numerical model results. Hydraulic bores, with varying initial downstream depths, generated by the sudden opening of a gated reservoir are released into a channel and impact a free-standing structure located downstream in the flume. Simul- taneously, the authors analyze their propagation characteristics. Time-histories of run-up, pressure, and net base shear force acting on the structure placed in the downstream flume section are analyzed to further understand the development of hydrodynamic loading. Furthermore, an analysis of the velocity fields, before and during interaction with the structure, is presented to elucidate how the bed condition (wet or dry) effects water surface elevation and loading on the structural model.

On the effect of bed condition on the development of tsunami-induced loading on structures using OpenFOAM

Over the past decade, the use of imaging devices to perform quantitative measurements has seen wide-scale adoption and has become integral to the emerging fields of research, such as computer vision and artificial intelligence Recent studies, published across a wide variety of fields, have demonstrated a vast number of ways through which image-based measurement systems can be used in their respective fields A growing number of studies have demonstrated applications in coastal and ocean research Edge detection methods have been used to measure water surface and bedform elevation from recorded video taken during wave flume experiments The turbulent mixing of air and water, induced by the breaking waves and the runup processes, poses a particular problem for the edge-detection methods, since they rely on a sharp contrast between air and water In this paper, an alternative method for tracking water surface, based on color segmentation, is presented A set of experiments were conducted whereby the proposed method was used to detect water surface profiles for various types of breaking waves interacting with a rubble mound breakwater The results were further processed to compute the surface velocity during runup The time-history of surface velocity is shown to closely parallel the point measurements taken nearby the instrumented armor unit These velocities can potentially serve as boundary conditions for determining the dynamic loads exerted on the armour units Further, the image processing results are used to remove the time-varying buoyant force from the measured force acting on an individual armour unit, providing additional insight into how the forces develop over time

https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/8/6/472/pdf

Image-Based Measurement of Wave Interactions with Rubble Mound Breakwaters

Multiphase inertia‐dominated ow simulations, and free surface ow models in particular, continue to this day to present many challenges in terms of accuracy and computational cost to industry and research communities. Numerical Wave Tanks (NWT) and their use for studying wave‐structure interactions are a good example. FEM with anisotropic meshes combined with dynamic mesh algorithms have already shown the potential to significantly reduce the number of elements and simulation time with no accuracy loss. However, mesh anisotropy can lead to mesh quality‐related instabilities.

This paper presents a very robust FEM approach based on a CV discretisation of the pressure field for inertia dominated ows, which can overcome the typically encountered mesh quality limitations associated with extremely anisotropic elements. Highly compressive methods for the water‐air interface are used here. The combination of these methods is validated with multiphase free surface ow benchmark cases, showing very good agreement with experiments even for extremely anisotropic meshes, reducing by up to two orders of magnitude the required number of elements to obtain accurate solutions.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/fld.4845

Robust control volume finite element methods for numerical wave tanks using extreme adaptive anisotropic meshes

To meet the demands of practicing engineers for realistic-scale engineering problems, the authors propose a new and fast wave proxy approach for wave-structure interaction. In this approach, a rigid FDEM version SOLIDITY_R is employed to simulate structure-structure (e.g. armour unit) interaction. Hydraulic forces on units are calculated by the surface integral of fluid pressure at the local element level. Then these forces are integrated and applied to each unit. For the time history of water pressure imposed on the breakwater and armour units, the approach can accept velocity data from any sources, e.g. derived from theory, measured from experiments, even from a CFD wave simulator. For example, a wave generator (IHFOAM/IH2VOF) was used to generate a one-hour 50/100 year return period storm and the storm forcing was applied to armour the units. In this paper, the authors illustrate the workflow of the wave proxy and some preliminary results showing the hydraulic flow and wave action loads coupled to our FDEM solver, SOLIDITY_R, via the wave proxy.

A Fast and Effective Wave Proxy Approach for Wave-Structure Interaction in Rubble Mound Structures

A physics-based rubble mound stability simulator for armour layers

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