This article discusses the Eurasia Film Company (hereafter Eurasia), which was established in Macau in 1954; the making of its film Long Way, released in 1955; and more generally the issue of film production in Macau in the 1950s. This was a period of crisis for Portugal: despite the beginning of decolonization in the post-war era, the regime's policy was to preserve the colonies. It appropriated ‘Luso-tropicalism’, a theory developed by Brazilian sociologist Gilberto Freyre, which argued that the Portuguese had created a harmonious hybrid civilization in the ‘tropics’ through biological and cultural miscegenation. Luso-tropicalism became a major propaganda tool used by Portugal to deflect decolonization. Eurasia, which had links to the colonial government, presented a Luso-tropical ideal not only in terms of the content of the film Long Way which celebrated interracial love but also by its very nature—it was a Sino-Portuguese enterprise that also had Eurasians as shareholders—and in its production method. Its main objective was to propagate a positive image of Macau, in response to its pervasive negative portrayal in the international press and films, which often characterized it as a centre of vice. Long Way specifically responded to Hollywood and French films set in Macau by using similar elements, plot, and characterization, but it transformed Orientalist tales of crime, smuggling, and sin into a Luso-tropical story of refuge, order, and interracial love. Eurasia aimed to cleanse Macau's image and thereby justify Portuguese sovereignty in the territory in a period of crisis and uncertainty marked by decolonization, the Cold War, and tense Sino-Portuguese relations.

Cleansing Macau's Image as the ‘Wickedest City in the World’: Eurasia, Long Way, and Luso-tropical film production in Macau in the 1950s

Preface Introduction Japan's Wartime Gains in China Japan's Apogee in China The Ban on Loans to China The China Arms Embargo Challenges to the China Arms Embargo The Success of the China Arms Embargo Britain Defends the Embargo Unsuccessful Attempts to Strengthen the Embargo The Soviet Threat and the Cancellation of the China Arms Embargo Conclusion Bibliography Index

"A Policy Calculated to Benefit China": The United States and the China Arms Embargo, 1919-1929

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"A Policy Calculated to Benefit China": The United States and the China Arms Embargo, 1919-1929