Water management is paramount in countries with water scarcity. This also affects agriculture, as a large amount of water is dedicated to that use. The possible consequences of global warming lead to the consideration of creating water adaptation measures to ensure the availability of water for food production and consumption. Thus, studies aimed at saving water usage in the irrigation process have increased over the years. Typical commercial sensors for agriculture irrigation systems are very expensive, making it impossible for smaller farmers to implement this type of system. However, manufacturers are currently offering low-cost sensors that can be connected to nodes to implement affordable systems for irrigation management and agriculture monitoring. Due to the recent advances in IoT and WSN technologies that can be applied in the development of these systems, we present a survey aimed at summarizing the current state of the art regarding smart irrigation systems. We determine the parameters that are monitored in irrigation systems regarding water quantity and quality, soil characteristics and weather conditions. We provide an overview of the most utilized nodes and wireless technologies. Lastly, we will discuss the challenges and the best practices for the implementation of sensor-based irrigation systems.

https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/4/1042/pdf

IoT-Based Smart Irrigation Systems: An Overview on the Recent Trends on Sensors and IoT Systems for Irrigation in Precision Agriculture

Internet of Things (IoT)-based automation of agricultural events can change the agriculture sector from being static and manual to dynamic and smart, leading to enhanced production with reduced human efforts. Precision Agriculture (PA) along with Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) are the main drivers of automation in the agriculture domain. PA uses specific sensors and software to ensure that the crops receive exactly what they need to optimize productivity and sustainability. PA includes retrieving real data about the conditions of soil, crops and weather from the sensors deployed in the fields. High-resolution images of crops are obtained from satellite or air-borne platforms (manned or unmanned), which are further processed to extract information used to provide future decisions. In this paper, a review of near and remote sensor networks in the agriculture domain is presented along with several considerations and challenges. This survey includes wireless communication technologies, sensors, and wireless nodes used to assess the environmental behaviour, the platforms used to obtain spectral images of crops, the common vegetation indices used to analyse spectral images and applications of WSN in agriculture. As a proof of concept, we present a case study showing how WSN-based PA system can be implemented. We propose an IoT-based smart solution for crop health monitoring, which is comprised of two modules. The first module is a wireless sensor network-based system to monitor real-time crop health status. The second module uses a low altitude remote sensing platform to obtain multi-spectral imagery, which is further processed to classify healthy and unhealthy crops. We also highlight the results obtained using a case study and list the challenges and future directions based on our work.

https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/17/3796/pdf

Precision Agriculture Techniques and Practices: From Considerations to Applications.

Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging paradigm which aims to inter-connect all smart physical devices, so that the devices together can provide smart services to the users. Some of the IoT applications include smart homes, smart cities, smart grids, smart retail, etc. Since IoT systems are built up with heterogeneous hardware and networking technologies, connecting them to the software/application level to extract information from large amounts of data is a complex task. In this paper, we have surveyed various architecture and protocols used in IoT systems and proposed suitable taxonomies for classifying them. We have also discussed the technical challenges, such as security and privacy, interoperability, scalability, and energy efficiency. We have provided an in-depth coverage of recent research works for every mentioned challenge. The objective of this survey is to help future researchers to identify IoT specific challenges and to adopt appropriate technology depending on the application requirements.

A Survey on Architecture, Protocols and Challenges in IoT

IoT based smart agrotech system for verification of Urban farming parameters

Zoning irrigation smart system based on fuzzy control technology and IoT for water and energy saving

Automation of farm activities can transform agricultural domain from being manual and static to intelligent and dynamic leading to higher production with lesser human supervision. This paper proposes an automated irrigation system which monitors and maintains the desired soil moisture content via automatic watering. Microcontroller ATMEGA328P on arduino uno platform is used to implement the control unit. The setup uses soil moisture sensors which measure the exact moisture level in soil. This value enables the system to use appropriate quantity of water which avoids over/under irrigation. IOT is used to keep the farmers updated about the status of sprinklers. Information from the sensors is regularly updated on a webpage using GSM-GPRS SIM900A modem through which a farmer can check whether the water sprinklers are ON/OFF at any given time. Also, the sensor readings are transmitted to a Thing speak channel to generate graphs for analysis.

/pdf/iot-based-smart-irrigation-system-nvflo3pdkc.pdf

IOT based Smart Irrigation System

The interaction of humans with space has increased tremendously. With the growing role of Extravehicular Activities (EVAs), the astronaut gloves in space suits require technological research and innovations. The gloves may seem insignificant to design, but it is practically the most tedious as all the tasks during an EVA require significant hand usage. A space glove should have strength and capabilities like dexterity, manipulability, and tactility. Its primary objective is to allow astronauts to move their fingers as efficiently as possible and aid with locomotion, restraint, and object handling. The present glove is cumbersome due to high torque requirements at the knuckles or metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints. Also, astronauts suffer from a condition called fingernail delamination (or onycholysis) due to sustained pressure on the fingertips. The focus is on the main challenges of the given technology and scientific enhancements and how to use them to draw all their benefits. This paper provides a review study to determine the project's plausibility with gradual and substantial technological advancements.

Study on the Design of Space Gloves and EVA Suits with Future Challenges

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Srishti Rawal

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

IOT based Smart Irrigation System

Study on the Design of Space Gloves and EVA Suits with Future Challenges