There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。

疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These

Phd by thesis

Thermoelectric materials, which can generate electricity from waste heat or be used as solid-state Peltier coolers, could play an important role in a global sustainable energy solution. Such a development is contingent on identifying materials with higher thermoelectric efficiency than available at present, which is a challenge owing to the conflicting combination of material traits that are required. Nevertheless, because of modern synthesis and characterization techniques, particularly for nanoscale materials, a new era of complex thermoelectric materials is approaching. We review recent advances in the field, highlighting the strategies used to improve the thermopower and reduce the thermal conductivity.

/pdf/complex-thermoelectric-materials-59e25n2qme.pdf

Complex thermoelectric materials.

Fuel cells convert chemical energy directly into electrical energy with high efficiency and low emission of pollutants. However, before fuel-cell technology can gain a significant share of the electrical power market, important issues have to be addressed. These issues include optimal choice of fuel, and the development of alternative materials in the fuel-cell stack. Present fuel-cell prototypes often use materials selected more than 25 years ago. Commercialization aspects, including cost and durability, have revealed inadequacies in some of these materials. Here we summarize recent progress in the search and development of innovative alternative materials.

Materials for fuel-cell technologies

http://ma.ecsdl.org/content/MA2005-01/30/1102.full.pdf

Thermodynamic Analysis and Conductivity of Yttrium Doped Barium Zirconate

Proton (deuteron) conductivity in Cs1.5Li1.5H(SO4)2 and Cs1.5Li1.5D(SO4)2 single crystals

An approach for measuring conductivity of thin-film electrolytes in an out-of-plane configuration, amenable to high-throughput experimentation, is presented. A comprehensive analysis of the geometric requirements for success is performed. Using samaria-doped ceria (Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9, SDC) excellent agreement between bulk samples and thin films with continuous and patterned electrodes, 100–500 μm in diameter, is demonstrated. Films were deposited on conductive Nb-doped SrTiO3, and conductivity was measured by AC impedance spectroscopy over the temperature range from ∼200 to ∼500 °C. The patterned electrode geometry, which encompassed an array of microdot metal electrodes for making top contact, enabled measurements at hundreds of positions on the film, implying the potential for measuring hundreds of composition in a single library.

Out-of-Plane Ionic Conductivity Measurement Configuration for High-Throughput Experiments.

The enhanced reducibility of the surface of ceria relative to the bulk has long been established. Several studies also show that ceria nanoparticles with different facets exhibit different catalytic activities. Despite consensus that the activity is correlated with the surface Ce3+ concentration, experimental measurements of this concentration as a function of termination are lacking. Here, X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) is used to quantify the Ce3+ concentration in films with (001), (110), and (111) surface terminations under reaction relevant conditions. While an enhanced Ce3+ concentration is found at the surfaces, it is surprisingly insensitive to film orientation.

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1557/mrc.2020.73.pdf

Insensitivity of the extent of surface reduction of ceria on termination: comparison of (001), (110), and (111) faces

A structure earlier reported for K 3 NdSi 6 O 15 suggests the possibility for fast—ion conduction by virtue of K + ions which not only reside in connected channels, but which also display very large thermal vibration amplitudes. No properties of the phase had heretofore been examined. Crystals up to 2mm inlength have been synthesized under a variety of hydrothermal conditions. Refinement of the structure with single crystal x-ray data to a residual of 8.3% confirms the composition and structure of our crystals and reveals a very high thermal vibration amplitude along c for K + ions which reside in interconnected [001] channels.A reversible phase transformation has been discovered at 180oC with a heat of transformation of 4J/g. Preliminary measurements of the conductivity of the high temperature phase yield a preexponential factor of 3.4/cm and an activation energy of 0.61ev along [001], indicating that this compound is not a particularly good fast—ion conductor.

Synthesis, Structure, and Ionic Conductivity of K3NdSi6O15

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Sossina M. Haile

Author Tools

Chat about Author