Acknowledgements Introduction PART ONE - BACKGROUND Introduction 1. Second language acquisition research: an overview PART TWO - THE DESCRIPTION OF LEARNER LANGUAGE Introduction 2. Learner errors and error analysis 3. Developmental patterns: order and sequence in second language acquisition 4. Variability in learner language 5. Pragmatic aspects of learner language PART THREE - EXPLAINING SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION: EXTERNAL FACTORS Introduction 6. Social factors and second language acquisition 7. Input and interaction and second language acquisition PART FOUR - EXPLAINING SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION: INTERNAL FACTORS Introduction 8. Language transfer 9. Cognitive accounts of second language acquisition 10. Linguistic universals and second language acquisition PART FIVE - EXPLAINING INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION Introduction 11. Individual learner differences 12. Learning strategies PART SIX - CLASSROOM SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION Introduction 13. Classroom interaction and second language acquisition 14. Formal instruction and second language acquisition PART SEVEN - CONCLUSION Introduction 15. Data, theory, and applications in second language acquisition research Glossary Bibliography Author index Subject index

第二语言习得研究 = The study of second language acquisition

The present study aimed to review the instruction of the L2 speech acts in English pragmatics in the Iranian context during the last two decades from 2000 to 2020. To this end, upon the completion of the study search, the retrieved articles were selected and analyzed based on the research domain.  The results of our synthesis from 54 studies carried out on the instruction of the speech act not only reveal that pragmatics is amenable to instruction but also unfold that the most frequently instructed speech act is the speech act of request which has been conducted in 29 studies, while the least instructed speech act is  invitation, used in only one study. Moreover, analyzing the data collection methods documented that Multiple-choice Discourse Completion Test (MDCT) is the most predominant method utilized in 36 papers during the last decades in English pragmatic instruction. With respect to the treatment types, it is illuminated that the most recurrent treatment type is explicit, implicit vs. control, followed by explicit vs. implicit, although other treatment types have been embarked on. As a final point, it is worth noting that 53 of the conducted studies utilized the quantitative method in their data analyses, whereas only one study implemented the qualitative method. The paper concludes with some avenues for further research.

https://tesl.shirazu.ac.ir/article_5861_e184337f6ee1e82bed6a2afcab837c50.pdf

Instructed Second Language English Pragmatics in the Iranian Context

The effects of deductive instruction and inductive instruction on learners' development of pragmatic competence in teaching Chinese as a second language

Pragmatic competence is one of the most important components of successful communication; also, it is the most difficult aspect of SLA. This study aimed to explore the effects of concurrent group dynamic assessment (G-DA) on Iranian EFL learners’ learning of requests and refusals, following a mixed method design. In the experimental part of the study, 2 intact classes were homogenized by a pretest, with 24 written discourse completion tasks (WDCTs), carried out by the participants as the treatment. Concurrent G-DA group received calibrated feedback, whereas the nondynamic assessment (N-DA) group was explicitly provided with pertinent assistance without considering their zone of proximal development (ZPD). Additionally, for the sake of a qualitative study, all the dialogues between the teacher and pairs of students under investigation were audiorecorded while they were receiving the treatment. Finally, a WDCT posttest was administered to both groups. Results of the analysis of the data, using t test, showed that the G-DA group performed significantly better than the N-DA group. Also, the qualitative microgenetic analysis of the dialogues between the learners and their teacher indicated the effectiveness of concurrent G-DA in learning requests and refusals, thus corroborating the efficiency of dynamic assessment (DA) in pragmatic instruction. Implications and applications are discussed in this study.

https://rals.scu.ac.ir/article_14720_ced4025f89203147ae863e7828cc24cd.pdf

Effects of Concurrent Group Dynamic Assessment on Iranian EFL Learners’ Pragmatic Competence: A Case of Requests and Refusals

This study sought to determine the levels of pragmatic competence among Iranian EFL learners and to correlate these levels with their levels of grammatical competence. In order to do this, separate tests were devised. One set of tests was designed to measure pragmatic competence. A second set of tests was devised to test grammatical competence.
The difference between their pragmatic competence and grammatical competence was examined for any significant correlation between them. In addition, the effect of learning methods on the pragmatic and grammatical competence was tested. 
The findings show that there is a weak or no correlation between EFL Iranian university students’ grammatical 
competence and their pragmatic competence. The findings also show that learning methods do have a significant effect on the Iranian students’ pragmatic and grammar competence. 
In addition, the study shows a predominance of traditional teaching and learning practices in Iran.

Correlation between grammatical competence and pragmatic competence among Iranian university EFL learners / Seyedeh Sepideh Mojabi

This study was set up to further investigate whether either of the instruction types, explicit vs. implicit, proves more efficient in ameliorating pragmatic performance of Iranian EFL learners. The speech act under investigation in this quasi-experimental study was refusal. Sixty Iranian learners of English as a foreign language participated in this study in which they were assigned to three groups of explicit, implicit, and control. All groups were exposed to conversations from ‘Spectrum’ English books where refusals stood out. In the treatment groups it was intended to raise pragmatic awareness whereas in control group conversations acted as a source of English comprehension and production. The findings appear to prove the efficiency of explicit instruction over implicit one in boosting Iranian EFL learners’ pragmatic performance.

/pdf/the-role-of-refusal-instruction-in-pragmatic-development-455pzfwzg7.pdf

The Role of Refusal Instruction in Pragmatic Development

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The Role of Refusal Instruction in Pragmatic Development