Web services are becoming the prominent paradigm for distributed computing and electronic business. This has raised the opportunity for service providers and application developers to develop value-added services by combining existing web services. However, current web service composition solutions do not address software engineering principles for raising the level of abstraction in web-services by providing facilities for packaging, re-using, specializing and customizing service compositions.In this paper we propose the concept of service component that packages together complex services and presents their interfaces and operations in a consistent and uniform manner in the form of an abstract class definition, Service components are internally synthesized out of reused, specialized, or extended complex web services and just like normal web services are published and can thus be invoked by any service-based application. In addition, we present an integrated framework and prototype system that manage the entire life-cycle of service components ranging from abstract service component definition, scheduling, and construction to execution.

Service components for managing the life-cycle of service compositions

Web services similarity measure is an important problem in service computing area, which is the technological foundation of service substitution, service discovery, service recommendation, and so on. Most of the existing works use a static description of services to measure the similarity between two services. However, the interaction information of Web services recorded in the historical compositions is totally neglected. In this paper, we propose a novel Web services similarity measure approach based on the notion of service composition context. Specifically, we first introduce three types of parameter correlations between service input and output parameters. These correlations can be obtained from existing services compositions. Based on parameter correlations, we propose the service composition context model. Through the composition context of a service, the composition context network is constructed using contexts of all services. Then, we propose to measure the similarity between any two services using the PersonalRank and SimRank++ algorithms by taking the obtained context network as input. By experiments, we analyze the characteristics of our proposed method and demonstrate that its accuracy is much better than the state-of-the-art approaches.

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Composition Context-Based Web Services Similarity Measure

Logic Petri nets (LPNs) can describe and analyse the batch processing function and passing value indeterminacy in cooperative systems, and alleviate the state space explosion problem. However, the indeterminate data of logical output transitions cannot be described explicitly in LPNs. Therefore, Coloured Logic Petri nets (CLPNs) are defined in this paper. It can determine the indeterminate data of logic output transitions in LPNs, i.e., the indeterminate data can be represented definitely in CLPNs. A vector matching method is proposed to judge the enabling transitions and analyse CLPNs. From the marking equation and the proposed reachable tree generation algorithm of CLPNs, a reachable tree can be built, and reachable markings are calculated. The advantage of CLPNs can be shown based on the number of leaf nodes of the reachability tree, and CLPNs can solve the indeterminate data of logical output transitions. Finally, an example shows that CLPNs can further reduce the dimensionality of reachable markings.

Colored Logic Petri Nets andAnalysis of Their Reachable Trees

A refinement checking based strategy for component-based systems evolution

We propose inheritance and refinement relations for a CSP-based component model (BRIC), which supports a constructive design based on composition rules that preserve classical concurrency properties such as deadlock freedom. The proposed relations allow extension of functionality, whilst preserving behavioural properties. A notion of extensibility is defined on top of a behavioural relation called convergence, which distinguishes inputs from outputs and the context where they are communicated, allowing extensions to reuse existing events with different purposes. We mechanise the strategy for extensibility verification using the FDR4 tool, and illustrate our results with an autonomous healthcare robot case study.

Web services are evolved as a platform independent technology allowing universal interoperability between software assets. Web services substitution is one of the most challenging topics in service computing area. In this paper, we investigate a context independent substitutability of Web services. We use open colored Petri nets (OCNets) as a formal modeling framework of services and we propose an approach for verifying the substitutability using some reduction rules of OCNets.

Verifying Web services substitutability using open colored nets reduction techniques

The composition of web services in cloud computing allows making them cooperative in order to satisfy a client request. However, the substitution of one of these services by another must ensure the proper functioning of the new composition. Hence there is a need to develop adequate methods to verify the services substitution. In this aim, we propose, in the present paper, two verification methods. The first one deals with context-independent substitution and sets if a web service can substitute another one. The second one focuses on context-aware substitution and decides the substitutability of web services in a specific composition. These methods use open coloured Petri net (OCNets) as a formal framework for modelling web services and their composition in cloud computing. This model allows the structural analysis of web services' interfaces. For the behavioural verification, we use services automata, which allow capturing OCNets' behaviour and checking its preservation.

On context-independent and context-aware cloud services substitutability verification

Web services are considered as one of the emerging technologies in the development, deployment and integration of Internet applications, and this, thanks to their features of universal interoperability and their ability to be reused and composed with other web services. Their substitution is one of the most challenging topics in service computing area. In this paper, we investigate a context-independent substitutability of Web services. We use Open Colored Petri Nets (OCNets) as a formal modeling framework of web services and we propose an approach for verifying the substitutability which proceeds in two steps. First, we compare the structures of OCNets' interfaces while deducting the type of the relation between them. After that, we generate the services automata of the OCNets, and we compare their behaviors by using the algorithm WS Behavioral Substitutability Checking.

Towards formal checking of Web services substitutability

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Verifying Web services substitutability using open colored nets reduction techniques

On context-independent and context-aware cloud services substitutability verification

Towards formal checking of Web services substitutability