Bio-acceptable 0D and 1D ZnO nanostructures for cancer diagnostics and treatment

During the last few decades, magnetic nanoparticles have been evaluated as promising materials in the field of cancer detection, screening, and treatment. Early diagnosis and screening of cancer may be achieved using magnetic nanoparticles either within the magnetic resonance imaging technique and/or sensing systems. These sensors are designed to selectively detect specific biomarkers, compounds that can be related to the onset or evolution of cancer, during and after the treatment of this widespread disease. Some of the particular properties of magnetic nanoparticles are extensively exploited in cancer therapy as drug delivery agents to selectively target the envisaged location by tailored in vivo manipulation using an external magnetic field. Furthermore, individualized treatment with antineoplastic drugs may be combined with magnetic resonance imaging to achieve an efficient therapy. This review summarizes the studies about the implications of magnetic nanoparticles in cancer diagnosis, treatment and drug delivery as well as prospects for future development and challenges of magnetic nanoparticles in the field of oncology.

Implication of Magnetic Nanoparticles in Cancer Detection, Screening and Treatment

Nano-therapeutics for modulating the tumour microenvironment: Design, development, and clinical translation

Multifunctional theranostic nanoparticles for biomedical cancer treatments - A comprehensive review.

Aptasensors form a class of biosensors that function on the basis of a biological recognition. An aptasensor is advantageous because it incorporates a unique biologic recognition element, i.e., an aptamer, coupled to a transducer to convert a biological interaction to readable signals that can be easily processed and reported. In such biosensors, the specificity of aptamers is comparable to and sometimes even better than that of antibodies. Using the SELEX technique, aptamers with high specificity and affinity to various targets can be isolated from large pools of different oligonucleotides. Nowadays, new modifications of the SELEX technique and, as a result, easy generation and synthesis of aptamers have led to the wide application of these materials as biological receptors in biosensors. In this regard, aptamers promise a bright future. In the present research a brief account is initially provided of the recent developments in aptasensors for various targets. Then, immobilization methods, design strategies, current limitations and future directions are discussed for aptasensors.

Advances in aptasensor technology.

Acute leukemia is a malignant clonal disease of hematopoietic stem cells with a high prevalence and mortality rate. However, there are no efficient tools to facilitate early diagnosis and treatment of leukemia. Therefore, development of new methods for the early diagnosis and prevention of leukemia, especially non-invasive diagnosis at the cellular level, is imperative. Here, a label-free signal-on fluorescence aptasensor based on terbium(iii)-aptamer (Tb3+-apt) was applied for the detection of leukemia. The aptamer sensitizes the fluorescence of Tb3+ and forms the strong fluorescent Tb3+-apt probe. The target cells, the T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line (CCRF-CEM) combined with the Tb3+-apt probe to form the Tb3+-apt-CEM complex, were removed by centrifugation, and the supernatant containing a small amount of the Tb3+-apt probe was detected using a fluorescence spectrophotometer. The logarithm of cell concentration showed a good linear relationship (R2 = 0.9881) with the fluorescence signal. The linear range for CCRF-CEM detection was 5-5 × 106 cells per ml, while the detection limit was 5 cells per ml of the binding buffer. Clinical samples were collected from 100 cases, and the specificity and positive rates detected by this method were up to 94% and 90%, respectively. Therefore, a single-stranded DNA-sensitized terbium(iii) luminescence method diagnostic was developed which is rapid, sensitive, and economical and can be used for diagnosis of various types of leukemia at the early stage.

/pdf/a-novel-label-free-terbium-iii-aptamer-based-aptasensor-for-1sg4x1v8jx.pdf

A novel label-free terbium( iii )-aptamer based aptasensor for ultrasensitive and highly specific detection of acute lymphoma leukemia cells

Malignant tumors are a major threat to human life and high lymphatic vessel density is often associated with metastatic tumors. With the discovery of molecules targeted at the lymphatic system such as lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1 (LYVE-1) and Podoplanin, many studies have been performed to determine the role of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) in tumor metastasis. However, disadvantages such as non-specificity and high cost limit their research and diagnostic applications. In this study, Fe3O4@KCTS, a core-shell type of magnetic nanoparticles, was prepared by activating Fe3O4 with carbodiimide and cross-linking it with α-ketoglutarate chitosan (KCTS). The LYVE-1 and Podoplanin antibodies were then incorporated onto the surface of these magnetic nanoparticles and as a result, dual-targeting magnetic nanoprobes were developed. The experimental tests of this study demonstrated that a dual-targeting magnetic nanoprobe with high-purity LECs from tumor tissues was successfully developed, providing a basis for clinical application of LECs in colorectal cancer treatment as well as in early clinical diagnosis using bimodal imaging.

/pdf/a-dual-targeting-magnetic-nanoparticle-for-human-cancer-44kx2exjdq.pdf

A Dual Targeting Magnetic Nanoparticle for Human Cancer Detection

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A novel label-free terbium( iii )-aptamer based aptasensor for ultrasensitive and highly specific detection of acute lymphoma leukemia cells

A Dual Targeting Magnetic Nanoparticle for Human Cancer Detection