Intracranial ependymomas represent a rare subgroup of glial tumours, showing a wide variety of imaging characteristics, often representing a challenging diagnosis for neuroradiologists Here, we re

Intracranial ependymomas: The role of advanced neuroimaging in diagnosis and management.

Harmine is a beta-carboline alkaloid found in various medicinal plants. While this alkaloid has been used in folk medicine as an anticancer agent, there are no reports of its usage in the treatment of glioblastoma. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of harmine on the proliferation and migration of glioblastoma cells and elucidate the critical signals involved. We found that harmine considerably inhibited the proliferation and migration of glioblastoma cells. Through cell-based real-time FRET imaging, we demonstrated that harmine induces a sustained decrease in ERK signalling, whereas mTOR, Rac1, and JNK remain unaffected. Furthermore, we demonstrated that harmine inhibits EGF-induced ERK signalling and, consequently, EGF-induced cell proliferation and colony formation. Our findings indicate that harmine has anticancer properties in glioblastoma cells. It inhibits cellular proliferation and migration through ERK signalling. These findings suggest that harmine could be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of glioblastoma. • In glioblastoma cells, harmine induces a sustained decrease in ERK signalling, whereas mTOR, Rac1, and JNK remain unaffected. • Harmine inhibits EGF-induced ERK signalling and EGF-induced cell proliferation and colony formation. • Harmine inhibits the proliferation and migration of glioblastoma cells via ERK signaling. • Our findings suggest that harmine could be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of glioblastoma. 

Harmine inhibits proliferation and migration of glioblastoma via ERK signalling

Background: The Gironde Central Nervous System (CNS) Tumor Registry, in collaboration with the French National Cancer Institute, is the largest population-based registry focused exclusively on primary CNS tumors in France and represents a population of 1.62 million. This report focuses on ependymal tumors to refine current knowledge and provide up-to-date data on the epidemiology of these rare tumors. Material and Methods: All of the ependymal tumors were extracted from the Gironde CNS Tumor Registry for the years 2000–2018. Demographic and clinical characteristics, incidence rates, and time trends as well as survival outcomes were analyzed. Results: One hundred forty-four ependymal tumors were retrieved, which represented 2.3% of all the CNS tumors recorded in the same period. Histological subtype was significantly dependent on age and topography in the CNS. The median age at diagnosis was 46 years. The annual incidence rates varied between 0.15/100,000 (2004) and 0.96/100,000 (2016), with a significant increase over the study period by 4.67% per year. Five-year and 10-year OS rates were 87% and 80%, respectively. Conclusion: An increase in the incidence of ependymal tumors was observed over the past two decades. Further studies are needed to confirm this result and provide etiological clues.

Descriptive Epidemiology of Ependymal Tumors in Gironde, France: Results from the Gironde Registry for the 2000–2018 Period

Myeloid cell heterogeneity in the tumor microenvironment and therapeutic implications for childhood central nervous system (CNS) tumors

Grade 3 Ependymoma in Adults – a Multi-Institutional Polish Study

—Machine learning has been used to recognize emotions in faces, typically by looking for 8 different emotional states (neutral, happy, sad, surprise, fear, disgust, anger and contempt). We consider two approaches: feature recognition based on facial landmarks and deep learning on all pixels; each produced 58% overall accuracy. However, they produced different results on different images and thus we propose a new meta-classifier combining these approaches. It produces far better results with 77% accuracy.

Finding Emotions in Faces: A Meta-Classifier

Background Ependymoma is a rare CNS tumor arising from the ependymal lining of the ventricular system. General differences in incidence and survival have been noted but not examined on a comprehensive scale for all ages and by histology. Despite the rarity of ependymomas, morbidity/mortality associated with an ependymoma diagnosis justifies closer examination. Methods Incidence data were obtained from the Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Cancer Institute, and survival data from Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results, from 2000 to 2016 for anaplastic ependymoma and ependymoma, not otherwise specified (NOS). Age-adjusted incidence rates (IRs) per 100 000 person-years were analyzed by age, sex, race, and location. Survival analysis was performed with Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. Results Incidence of anaplastic ependymoma was highest in ages 0 to 4 years. African American populations had lower incidence but had a 78% increased risk of death compared to white populations (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.78 [95% CI, 1.30-2.44]). Incidence was highest for anaplastic ependymoma in the supratentorial region. Adults (age 40+ years) had almost twice the risk of death compared to children (ages 0-14 years) (HR: 1.97 [95% CI, 1.45-2.66]). For ependymoma, NOS, subtotal resection had a risk of mortality 1.86 times greater than gross total resection ([HR: 1.86 [95% CI, 1.32-2.63]). Conclusions African American populations experienced higher mortality rates despite lower incidence compared to white populations. Extent of resection is an important prognostic factor for survival. This highlights need for further evaluation of treatment patterns and racial disparities in the care of patients with ependymoma subtypes.

Ependymoma, NOS and anaplastic ependymoma incidence and survival in the United States varies widely by patient and clinical characteristics, 2000-2016.

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Finding Emotions in Faces: A Meta-Classifier

Ependymoma, NOS and anaplastic ependymoma incidence and survival in the United States varies widely by patient and clinical characteristics, 2000-2016.