Male patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome have unique clinical manifestations and circulating lymphocyte profiles.

This study aimed to evaluate the long-term survival, causes of death, and prognostic factors in Chinese patients with primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS). 

Long‐term survival analysis of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome in China: A multicenter retrospective cohort study

AutoDock and molecular dynamics-based therapeutic potential prediction of flavonoids for primary Sjögren’s syndrome

"Medicina Interna: Fundamentos Clínicos y Terapéuticos Tomo 2" es una obra esencial para estudiantes, residentes y profesionales en el campo de la medicina interna. Este segundo tomo proporciona una cobertura detallada de los principios clínicos y terapéuticos necesarios para el diagnóstico y tratamiento efectivo de una amplia gama de condiciones médicas. Medicina Interna: Fundamentos Clínicos y Terapéuticos Tomo 2" es una herramienta indispensable para internistas y otros profesionales de la salud. Su enfoque integral y práctico lo convierte en un recurso valioso para la práctica diaria y la toma de decisiones clínicas informadas. 

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Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a complex and heterogeneous disease that typically affects middle-aged women. However, while it is rare, the disease may occur in male patients and in females during their childhood/adolescence or in the elderly. Contrasting data have been reported on these three subgroups clinical features and long-term outcomes. Notably, recent studies have pinpointed the severity of the disease in male patients and in both the early and the late-onset subgroups.The aim of this review is, therefore, to summarise the available evidence from the recent literature on these phenotypes. The focus will be on the clinical and laboratory features, and on the lymphoma risk observed in the three subgroups distinct phenotypes: of male patients as well as young-onset SS and elderly-onset SS. Ultimately, an accurate phenotypic stratification may represent the first step towards individualised medical approaches. 

Impact of gender and age at onset on Sjögren's syndrome presentation and outcome: state of the art.

The aim of this study was to study clinical and biological differences between men and women with primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) in China and perform a literature review to confirm if the clinical phenotypes are affected by sex in patients with pSS.Data from 961 patients with pSS treated at a tertiary hospital in China between January 2013 and March 2022 were analyzed based on medical records. Clinical characteristics, including disease manifestations and serological parameters of the disease, were compared between men and women with pSS using the Mann-Whitney U test and χ2 test.This study included 140 (14.6%) men and 821 (85.4%) women with pSS. Women with pSS demonstrated a higher prevalence of dry mouth, dry eyes, arthralgia, and dental caries (p < 0.05); higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate and immunoglobulin M levels (p < 0.05); higher prevalence of leukopenia, neutropenia, anemia, low complement 3, and low complement 4 (p < 0.05); and higher titers of antinuclear antibody, anti-Sjögren syndrome A, anti-Ro52, and rheumatoid factor positivity (p < 0.05) than men, whereas men with pSS had a higher prevalence of parotid enlargement and interstitial lung disease (p < 0.05).Women with pSS are associated with more dryness, cytopenia, hypocomplementemia, and autoantibody positivity. Although men with pSS probably have lighter sicca symptoms and lower immunoactivity and serologic responses, regular monitoring of interstitial lung disease in men is vital. 

Sex Difference in Primary Sjögren Syndrome

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Sex Difference in Primary Sjögren Syndrome