Treatment and novel resource-utilization methods for shale gas oil based drill cuttings - A review.

Pyrolysis of oil-based drill cuttings from shale gas field: Kinetic, thermodynamic, and product properties

Design and preparation of carbon material catalyst modified with metal framework and sulfonate for biochar generation from low-temperature directional pyrolysis of kitchen waste: Mechanism and performance.

Thermal desorption (TD) is known as an effective technique to remediate PAHs-contaminated sites. However, effectively removing PAHs using TD while saving time, and energy, and minimizing soil damage remains a challenge. In this study, we examined the combined effects of various factors on the removal efficiency of pyrene (PYR) by TD and developed an optimal numerical model based on conducting a series of soil experiments. The results showed that temperature (T) and time (t) promoted the desorption of PYR, while water (Sw) and organic matter (fom) were just the opposite. Besides, water and organic matter had a synergistic effect proportionally. It was found that adjusting the soil-water ratio (which can be controlled by organic matter) maximized the desorption rate of PYR. An ideal Sw/fom 1.56 and a minimized recommended temperature (173°C) were proposed based on the model. Finally, the efficacy of the optimized scheme was validated in real-world site soil. These findings not only mechanistically revealed the desorption behavior of PYR under the influence of various factors, but also provided an optimized scheme for efficiently removing PAHs using TD, thereby accelerating the remediation process and reducing energy consumption. The modeling ideas and conclusions obtained may be applicable to other PAHs, guiding the effective remediation of PAHs-polluted sites. This study revealed the interactive mechanisms among various factors during the TD process, providing a theoretical basis for predicting and improving PAHs removal efficiency using TD method based on a series of soil experiments and an optimized numerical model. The numerical model provides an ideal scheme for the site remediation of PAHs contamination, where the desorption behavior of PAHs between soil-water-gas interfaces can be controlled by adjusting the Sw/fom ratio to maximize the removal efficiency, thereby saving time and energy. These findings are crucial for site remediation efforts and may guide the efficient remediation of PAHs-contaminated soils. 

New insights into thermal desorption remediation of pyrene-contaminated soil based on an optimized numerical model.

Insight into nettle straw pyrolysis: Multicomponent kinetics, gas emissions and machine learning models

Oil-based drill cuttings (OBDC), a hazardous organic waste generated from the exploration and extraction of shale gas fields, have received widespread attention for their safe disposal and utilization. In this study, OBDC pyrolysis experiments were conducted on a fixed-bed reactor. The effects of temperature (450 °C, 500 °C, 550 °C, and 600 °C) and catalysts (MgO, Fe2O3, and CaO) on product distribution, oil quality, and potential ecological risk assessment of heavy metals were investigated. Results revealed that the oil yield reached the maximum (14.94%) at 500 °C in uncatalyzed cases. The addition of catalysts could increase the total yield of oil and gas. In particular, the oil yield increased by 13.32% with CaO catalysis, while the oil recovered by MgO and Fe2O3 was almost the same as without catalyst. In addition, the higher low heating value (LHV) of oil (41.46 MJ/kg) and gas (34.07 MJ/Nm3) were found with CaO catalysis, implying that CaO has better performance on recovery of oil and gas than MgO and Fe2O3. Moreover, the oil content of char was far below 0.3%, the potential ecological risk assessment of heavy metal in char showed slight risks to the environment, suggesting that char can be treated as general solid waste. 

Catalytic pyrolysis of oil-based drill cuttings over metal oxides: The product properties and environmental risk assessment of heavy metals in char

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Pyrolysis of oil-based drill cuttings from shale gas field: Kinetic, thermodynamic, and product properties

Catalytic pyrolysis of oil-based drill cuttings over metal oxides: The product properties and environmental risk assessment of heavy metals in char