Nitrite is widely found in the natural environment and human life, but the abuse and potential toxicity of nitrite poses a great threat to human health. Therefore, it is necessary to develop effective, robust, and reliable methods for nitrite detection. Carbon nanomaterials have shown their great potential in the development of high-performance electrochemical sensors in view of their numerous fascinating properties. Carbon nanomaterial-enabled electrochemical sensors have been regarded as one of the most promising detection tools for nitrite due to their high sensitivity, simplicity of operation, and excellent selectivity. In this review, we introduce the state-of-art of carbon nanomaterial-enabled electrochemical sensors in nitrite detection in the past years (2014–2018). The properties and advantages of carbon nanotubes, graphene, graphene oxide, carbon nanofibers, carbon nanodots, nanodiamonds, and nanoporous carbon in the development of nitrite sensors are discussed in details. Furthermore, the challenges and prospects for the application of carbon nanomaterial-enabled electrochemical sensors for nitrite analysis are also included.

Recent developments in carbon nanomaterial-enabled electrochemical sensors for nitrite detection

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1149/2.0171912jes/pdf

Review—Recent Developments on Graphene-Based Electrochemical Sensors toward Nitrite

CuFe2O4/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite decorated with gold nanoparticles as a new electrochemical sensor material for ʟ-cysteine detection

With the continuous evolution of bacteria and the constant use of traditional antibiotics, the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria and super viruses has attracted worldwide attention. Antimicrobial therapy has become the most popular and important research field at present. Coordination Polymer (CP) and/or metal-organic framework (MOF) platforms have the advantages of a high biocompatibility, biodegradability, and non-toxicity, have a great antibacterial potential and have been widely used in antibacterial treatment. This paper reviewed the mechanism and antibacterial effect of three typical MOFs (pure Ag-MOFs, hybrid Ag-MOFs, and Ag-containing-polymer @MOFs) in silver-based coordination polymers. At the same time, the existing shortcomings and future views are briefly discussed. The study on the antibacterial efficacy and mechanism of Ag-MOFs can provide a better basis for its clinical application and, meanwhile, open up a novel strategy for the preparation of more advanced Ag-contained materials with antibacterial characteristics.

/pdf/recent-advances-of-silver-based-coordination-polymers-on-1xhqbv5i.pdf

Recent Advances of Silver-Based Coordination Polymers on Antibacterial Applications

Biomimetic flexible electronics for E-skin have received increasing attention, due to their ability to sense various movements. However, the development of smart skin-mimic material remains a challenge. Here, a simple and effective approach is reported to fabricate super-tough, stretchable, and self-healing conductive hydrogel consisting of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), Ti3 C2 Tx MXene nanosheets, and polypyrrole (PPy) (PMP hydrogel). The MXene nanosheets and Fe3+ serve as multifunctional cross-linkers and effective stress transfer centers, to facilitate a considerable high conductivity, super toughness, and ultra-high stretchability (elongation up to 4300%) for the PMP hydrogel with. The hydrogels also exhibit rapid self-healing and repeatable self-adhesive capacity because of the presence of dynamic borate ester bond. The flexible capacitive strain sensor made by PMP hydrogel shows a relatively broad range of strain sensing (up to 400%), with a self-healing feature. The sensor can precisely monitor various human physiological signals, including joint movements, facial expressions, and pulse waves. The PMP hydrogel-based supercapacitor is demonstrated with a high capacitance retention of ≈92.83% and a coulombic efficiency of ≈100%.

A Simple and Effective Physical Ball-Milling Strategy to Prepare Super-Tough and Stretchable PVA@MXene@PPy Hydrogel for Flexible Capacitive Electronics.

Fabrication of gold nanoparticles/l-cysteine functionalized graphene oxide nanocomposites and application for nitrite detection

Carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites (CFRPs) have many irreplaceable advantages not found in metals or ceramics, such as high specific modulus, superior tensile strength, and ultra-lightweight. However, their limited interfacial properties and the expanded modulus difference between carbon fibers (CFs) and host matrices still prevent effective transmission of stress and cause stress concentration at the interphase and deteriorate the mechanical properties of CFRPs. Therefore, we presented to construct a multiscale rigid-flexible interfacial structure at the interphase to balance the modulus of fibers-matrix and improve the surface wettability of high modulus CFs to improve interfacial properties of CFRPs. The multiscale interface is multistage gradient interlayers constructed by strong physicochemical interactions with a thickness of ∼463 nm. The structure consists of flexible water-soluble epoxy (WEP) and rigid graphene oxide (GO) through hydrogen bonding. The resultant CFs integrate rough surface (Ra = 57.20 nm), numerous oxygen-containing functional groups (O atomic% = 21.44%), huge BET surface area (1.250 m2/g), and superior monofilament tensile strength (5.204 GPa), which allows CFPRs to achieve strong interfacial bonding. The modified CFRPs with rigid-flexible interfacial structure show robust interfacial properties, the value of ILSS and IFSS respectively increased by 25% and 55% over the untreated counterparts, which enables effective stress transfer between CFs and host matrices. This strategy of combining rigidity and flexibility opens an avenue toward the development of materials with superior interfacial performance for various inert high modulus fibers. 

Constructing a multiscale rigid-flexible interfacial structure at the interphase by hydrogen bonding to improve the interfacial performance of high modulus carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites

Reactive organic radical-doped Ag(I)-based coordination compounds for highly efficient antibacterial wound therapy.

Study of capacitance type flexible electronic devices based on polyacrylamide and reduced graphene oxide composite hydrogel

Study of microwave reduction of graphene oxide suspension: structure and functional groups

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