Artificial saturable absorbers for ultrafast fibre lasers

A CsCu 2 I 3 SA-based passively mode-locking fiber laser was demonstrated. The fiber laser could operate stably for at least five months, which will potentially unlock the pathways for ultrafast photonics based on lead-free halide perovskites. 

Mode-locking pulse generation based on lead-free halide perovskite CsCu2I3 micro-rods with high stability

The topological Dirac semimetal Zirconium pentatelluride (ZrTe5) has many special properties such as anomalous Hall effect and thermoelectric effect. A fast relaxation time constant of 250 fs indicates its great application potential in ultrafast optics, which has been investigated in a Er-doped passively mode-locking fiber laser. In this paper, the ZrTe5 was adopted as a saturable absorber (SA) to modulate Nd-doped solid-state lasers for ultrafast pulse generation. The nonlinear absorption coefficient of ZrTe5 was measured to be −0.81 cm/GW by Z-scan technique. A pulse width of 18.4 ps with a repetition frequency of 69 MHz was gained in the 1.06 μm passively mode-locking laser. For the 1.34 μm ultrafast laser, a stable pulse sequence with a pulse duration of 17.7 ps was delivered and the corresponding repetition frequency was 71 MHz. Those results revealed that ZrTe5 has an excellent laser modulation performance in ultrafast solid-state lasers. As far as we know, it is the first time the solid-state passively mode-locking laser operation by using ZrTe5 as a SA has been successfully demonstrated. 

The nonlinear optical properties of Zirconium pentatelluride and its application in ultrafast solid-state lasers

Two-dimensional (2D) hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) have aroused great interests in various optoelectronic fields. Here, the highly stable 2D (C 6 H 5 C 2 H 4 NH 3 ) 2 PbI 4 nanocrystals (PEA 2 PbI 4 NCs) have been prepared successfully via liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) method, and the ultrafast nonlinear saturable absorption characteristics have been studied within the spectral range from near-infrared to mid-infrared regime. Based on the unique nonlinear optical response of the 2D HOIPs, a highly stable fiber laser with pulse duration ∼ 531 fs and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) ∼ 90 dB have been delivered from a mode-locked Er 3+ -doped fiber laser (EDFL) around 1.5 μm, and a robust nanosecond fiber laser with pulse duration ∼ 553 ns and SNR ∼ 40 dB has been obtained from a Q-switched Er 3+ -doped fluoride fiber laser (EDFFL) around 2.8 μm experimentally. Our experimental results demonstrate the potential of 2D perovskites as broadband pulse modulators and may pave the way for advanced broadband optoelectronic applications based on 2D HOIPs.

Broadband Nonlinear Optical Modulator With 2D Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite Nanocrystals

Transition metal pentatellurides ZrTe5 and HfTe5 have unique physical properties, such as large thermoelectric power, anomalous resistivity peak, chiral magnetic effect, etc. Here, we report that bulk-like ZrTe5 and HfTe5 exhibit excellent non-linear optical properties with the increase of the intensity of the incident light, and can act as robust saturable absorbers for generating femtosecond fiber lasers. The fiberized saturable absorbers have been prepared by transferring the mechanically exfoliated ZrTe5 and HfTe5 onto the D-shaped fiber and show polarization-dependent nonlinear optical absorption at 1560 nm. The stable femtosecond pulses can be delivered successfully via the nonlinear absorption of the bulk-like transition metal pentatellurides and the nonlinear polarization rotation effects in the fiber laser cavity. The experimental results validate that transition metal pentatellurides can act as an excellent nonlinear optical modulator and may make inroads towards robust high-performance ultrafast photonic devices.

Robust hybrid mode-locking operation with bulk-like transition metal pentatellurides

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Robust hybrid mode-locking operation with bulk-like transition metal pentatellurides