A lighting device comprising first and second groups of solid state light emitters, which emit light having peak wavelength in ranges of from 430 nm to 480 nm, and first and second groups of lumiphors which emit light having dominant wavelength in the range of from 555 nm to 585 nm. In some embodiments, if current is supplied to a power line, a combination of (1) light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by the first group of emitters, and (2) light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by the first group of lumiphors would have a correlated color temperature which differs by at least 50 K from a correlated color temperature which would be emitted by a combination of (3) light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by the second group of emitters, and (4) light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by the second group of lumiphors.

Lighting device and lighting method

The control of luminous radiation has extremely important implications for modern and future technologies as well as in medicine. In this Review, we detail chemical structures and their relevant photophysical features for various groups of materials, including organic dyes such as metalloporphyrins and metallophthalocyanines (and derivatives), other common organic materials, mixed metal complexes and clusters, fullerenes, dendrimeric nanocomposites, polymeric materials (organic and/or inorganic), inorganic semiconductors, and other nanoscopic materials, utilized or potentially useful for the realization of devices able to filter in a smart way an external radiation. The concept of smart is referred to the characteristic of those materials that are capable to filter the radiation in a dynamic way without the need of an ancillary system for the activation of the required transmission change. In particular, this Review gives emphasis to the nonlinear optical properties of photoactive materials for the functi...

Nonlinear Optical Materials for the Smart Filtering of Optical Radiation.

Process gas discharged from a bypass pipe to a gas exhaust system can be prevented from diffusing back to the inside of a process chamber without having to install a dedicated vacuum pump at the downstream side of the bypass pipe. The substrate processing apparatus includes a process chamber accommodating a substrate, a gas supply system supplying process gas from a process gas source to the process chamber for processing the substrate, a gas exhaust system configured to exhaust the process chamber, two or more vacuum pumps installed in series at the gas exhaust system, and a bypass pipe connected between the gas supply system and the gas exhaust system. The most upstream one of the vacuum pumps is a mechanical booster pump, and the bypass pipe is connected between the mechanical booster pump and the rest vacuum pumps located at a downstream side of the mechanical booster pump.

Substrate Processing Apparatus

Directionally solidified eutectic ceramic oxides

The invention is concerned with an illumination system, comprising a radiation source and a fluorescent material comprising at least one phosphor capable of absorbing a part of light emitted by the radiation source and emitting light of wavelength different from that of the absorbed light; wherein said at least one phosphor is an oxido-nitrido-silicate of general formula EA2-zSi5-aBaN8-aOa:Lnz, wherein 0 < z ≤ 1 and 0 < a < 5. comprising at least one element EA selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba and Zn and at least one element B selected from the group consisting of Al, Ga and In, and being activated by a lanthanide selected from the group consisting of cerium, europium, terbium, praseodymium and mixtures thereof. The invention is also concerned with a phosphor, which is an oxido-nitrido-silicate of general formula EA2-zSi5-aBaN8-aOa:Lnz, wherein 0<z≤ 1 and 0 < a < 5. comprising at least one element EA selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba and Zn and at least one element B selected from the group consisting of Al, Ga and In, and being activated by a lanthanide selected from the group consisting of cerium, europium, terbium and mixtures thereof.

Illumination System Comprising a Radiation Source and a Fluorescent Material

This invention provides a ceramic composite light converting member that is a solidified product having a structure comprising two or more oxide phases, which are mutually intertwined with each other in a continuous and three-dimensional manner, at least one of the oxide phases being a phase which emits fluorescence. The whole composition of the ceramic composite light converting member is represented by x·AlO3/2-y·(a·YO3/2-b·GdO3/2-c·CeO2) wherein x, y, a, b, and c represent molar fraction; 0.750 < x < 0.850; 0 < b < 0.8; 0 < c < 0.3; x + y = 1; and a +b + c = 1, or x·AlO3/2-y·(a·YO3/2-c·CeO2) wherein x, y, a, b, and c represent molar fraction; 0.750 < x < 0.850; 0.125 ≤ c < 0.3; x + y = 1; and a + c = 1. The ceramic composite light converting member can emit light by regulating the peak wavelength to 540 to 580 nm and, when used in combination with a blue light emitting element, can constitute a highly efficient white light emitting device.

Ceramic composite light converting member and light emitting device using the same

The light-emitting diode of the present invention is a light-emitting diode comprising a light-converting material substrate and a semiconductor layer formed on the light-converting material substrate, wherein the light-converting material substrate comprises a solidified body in which at least two or more oxide phases selected from a simple oxide and a complex oxide are formed continuously and three-dimensionally entangled with each other, at least one oxide phase in the solidified body comprises a metal element capable of emitting fluorescence, and the semiconductor layer comprises a plurality of compound semiconductor layers and has at least a light-emitting layer capable of emitting visible light. A light-emitting diode substrate for forming a semiconductor, ensuring that the crystal-structure matching with a semiconductor for the formation of a light-emitting diode is good, a good semiconductor layer with less defects can be formed, good-efficiency light emission can be obtained from a light-emitting layer formed in the semiconductor layer, uniform florescence can be emitted by light from the light-emitting layer in the semiconductor layer, and light can be efficiently out put; and a color unevenness-free light-emitting diode using the substrate, are provided.

Light emitting diode element, board for light emitting diode and method for manufacturing light emitting diode element

Provided are a ceramic composite for light conversion, which is capable of maintaining a high radiant flux even when the proportion of Gd and Ce is increased to tune the fluorescence peak wavelength to the longer wavelength side, a process for producing the ceramic composite, and a light emitting device including the ceramic composite. The ceramic composite for light conversion is a solidification product including a composition that is represented by a specific formula, and has a texture of continuously and three-dimensionally mutually entangled oxide phases including at least two phases of a first phase and a second phase, characterized in that the first phase is a Y 3 Al 5 O 12 fluorescent phase activated with Ce, and the second phase is an Al 2 O 3 phase, and the first phase and second phase account for 97% by area or more of a cross section of the solidification product, or characterized in that the first phase is a Y 3 Al 5 O 12 fluorescent phase activated with Gd and Ce, and the second phase is an Al 2 O 3 phase, and the first phase and second phase account for 97% by area or more of a cross section of the solidification product.

Ceramic composites for light conversion, process for production thereof, and light-emitting devices provided with same

A white-light light emitting diode device comprising a light emitting diode element capable of emitting violet light at a wavelength of 400 to 419 nm and a ceramic composite material, wherein the ceramic composite material is a solidified body in which a cerium-activated Y3Al5O12 (Y3Al5O12:Ce) crystal and an α-type aluminum oxide (Al2O3) crystal are continuously and three-dimensionally entangled with each other, the solidified body having not only a photoluminescent property of wavelength-converting a part of the violet light into yellow light but also a function of transmitting a part of the violet light, and the violet light transmitted through the ceramic composite material and yellow light resulting from wavelength conversion by the ceramic composite material are mixed to emit pseudo-white light.

White light emitting diode device

Various rare-earth-doped α-SiAlON powders with high purity were prepared to study mechanical and optical properties of SiAlON-based functional materials in connection with ionic radius and electronic structure of rare-earth elements. Single phase rare-earth-doped α-SiAlON powders were obtained at a temperature as low as 1873 K by heating powder mixtures of rare-earth oxide, AlN and highly active ultrafine amorphous Si3N4. Bending strength of highly dense rare-earth-doped α/β-SiAlON-based ceramics was increased with decreasing radii of rare-earth ions, i.e., Yb-SiAlON-based ceramics exhibited excellent high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance caused by the small ionic radius of ytterbium. As for optical application, α-SiAlON is an excellent host lattice with good thermal and chemical stability for doping rare-earth element which activates photoluminescence. Europium-doped Ca-α-SiAlON phosphor formulated as CaxEuy(Si,Al)12(O,N)16 (where 0

Development of SiAlON - From Mechanical to Optical Applications

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