Shape-Memory Materials

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) are expected to function well as electrocatalytic materials, owing to their widely adjustable composition and unique physical and chemical properties. Recently, HEA catalysts are extensively studied in the field of electrocatalysis; this motivated the authors to investigate the relationship between the structure and composition of HEAs and their electrocatalytic performance. In this review, the latest advances in HEA electrocatalysts are systematically summarized, with special focus on nitrogen fixation, the carbon cycle, water splitting, and fuel cells; in addition, by combining this with the characterization and analysis of HEA microstructures, rational design strategies for optimizing HEA electrocatalysts, including controllable preparation, component regulation, strain engineering, defect engineering, and theoretical prediction are proposed. Moreover, the existing issues and future trends of HEAs are predicted, which will help further develop these high-entropy materials.

High-Entropy Alloys for Electrocatalysis: Design, Characterization, and Applications

Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing of Fe-based shape memory alloys: microstructure, mechanical and functional behavior

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) based coatings have great potential in distinct sectors owing to their attractive properties. These alloys offered high specific strength, superior mechanical properties, superconductivity, super-paramagnetism, high fracture toughness at cryogenic temperatures, etc. These alloys contain multiple principal elements, with the possible number of high entropy alloy compositions extending significantly more than conventional alloys. Hence, the use of HEAs as feedstock material for coating processes has increased, especially for surface protection of various materials in distinct environments. Therefore this manuscript aims to provide an overview of HEA coatings, types, fabrication methods, post-processing of HEAs coatings and their diverse applications. Then, the mechanical and tribological properties of the HEAs-based coating developed by various researchers are summarized. In addition, this paper discusses the properties of HEAs and compares HEAs with traditional alloys. Finally, this paper presents the recent advances in HEAs for 3D printing, including research lapses, prospects and future opportunities. 

Comprehensive review on high entropy alloy-based coating

Colossal elastocaloric effect in a <001>A oriented Ni49Mn33Ti18 polycrystalline alloy

High-temperature shape memory alloys (HTSMAs) show enormous potential for applications as energy conversion devices, actuators and sensors in automotive, aerospace, and energy exploration industrie...

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/21663831.2021.1893233

A high-entropy high-temperature shape memory alloy with large and complete superelastic recovery

Achieving excellent superelasticity and extraordinary elastocaloric effect in a directionally solidified Co-V-Ga alloy

Metamagnetic shape memory alloys exhibit a series of intriguing multifunctional properties and have great potential for applications in magnetic actuation, sensing and magnetic refrigeration. However, the poor mechanical properties of these alloys with hardly any tensile deformability seriously limit their practical application. In the present work, we developed a Ni-Fe-Mn-In microwire that exhibits both a giant, tensile superelasticity and a magnetic-field-induced first-order phase transformation. The recoverable strain of superelasticity is more than 20% in the temperature range of 233–283 K, which is the highest recoverable strain reported heretofore in Ni-Mn-based shape memory alloys (SMAs). Moreover, the present microwire exhibits a large shape memory effect with a recoverable strain of up to 13.9% under the constant tensile stress of 225 MPa. As a result of the magnetic-field-induced first-order phase transformation, a large reversible magnetocaloric effect with an isothermal entropy change ΔSm of 15.1 J kg−1 K−1 for a field change from 0.2 T to 5 T was achieved in this microwire. The realization of both magnetic-field and tensile-stress-induced transformations confers on this microwire great potential for application in miniature multi-functional devices and provides an opportunity for multi-functional property optimization under coupled multiple fields.

External-Field-Induced Phase Transformation and Associated Properties in a Ni50Mn34Fe3In13 Metamagnetic Shape Memory Wire

The rapid development of aerospace, automotive, and energy exploration industries urgently requires high-temperature shape memory alloys (HTSMAs) which are utilized as compact solid-state actuators, sensors, and energy conversion devices at elevated temperatures. However, the currently prevailing Ni-Ti-X (X = Pd, Pt, and Hf) HTSMAs are very expensive owing to the high cost of Pd, Pt, and Hf elements, which greatly limits their widespread applications. Here, we have developed an inexpensive (Ni50Mn35.5Ti14.5)99.8B0.2 bulk polycrystalline HTSMA with extraordinary high-temperature superelasticity and a giant two-way shape memory effect (TWSME). This alloy exhibits perfect superelasticity with a fully recoverable strain of as high as 7.1% over a wide temperature range from 150 to 280 °C. Furthermore, it shows a giant TWSME with a remarkably high recoverable strain of 6.0%. Both the recoverable strain of superelasticity and the two-way shape memory strain of the present alloy are the highest among the bulk polycrystalline HTSMAs. The theoretical maximum transformation strain was calculated with energy-minimization theory using the crystal structure information of martensite and austenite obtained from in situ synchrotron high-energy X-ray diffraction experiments to help understand the superelastic behavior of the present alloy. Combining the advantages of low cost and easy fabrication, the present bulk polycrystalline (Ni50Mn35.5Ti14.5)99.8B0.2 alloy shows great potential for high-temperature shape memory applications. This work is instructive for developing cost-effective high-performance HTSMAs.

A Low-Cost Ni-Mn-Ti-B High-Temperature Shape Memory Alloy with Extraordinary Functional Properties.

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Papers

A high-entropy high-temperature shape memory alloy with large and complete superelastic recovery

Achieving excellent superelasticity and extraordinary elastocaloric effect in a directionally solidified Co-V-Ga alloy

External-Field-Induced Phase Transformation and Associated Properties in a Ni50Mn34Fe3In13 Metamagnetic Shape Memory Wire

A Low-Cost Ni-Mn-Ti-B High-Temperature Shape Memory Alloy with Extraordinary Functional Properties.