Multi-domain indoor environmental quality in buildings: A review of their interaction and combined effects on occupant satisfaction

Indoor soundscape, speech perception, and cognition in classrooms: A systematic review on the effects of ventilation-related sounds on students

Tropical climates and the interplay between IEQ and energy consumption in buildings: A review

Among the major sources of disturbance in offices, noise and poor acoustics consistently rank at the top. Moreover, the positive impact which connecting with nature has on individuals is well-documented, yet still not investigated in-depth in terms of office soundscapes. In the present study, a methodology using Virtual Reality (VR) technology is employed to analyse the benefits of Biophilic Design interventions in office spaces. Notably, the study investigates the independent and interaction effects of audio-visual connection with nature on 1) office soundscape, and 2) physiological parameters, and 3) explores potential correlations between physiological and soundscape response. Three different visual scenarios (Indoor Green, Outdoor Green and Non-Biophilic) and three sound environments (Office − O, Office + Traffic − O + T and Office + Nature − O + N) for a virtual office environment were combined in a between-subjects design experiment. During their exposure to each acoustical scenario, 198 participants' responses on perceived affective quality of soundscapes (ISO/TS 12913-2) and physiological reactions (Electro-Dermal Activity - EDA, Pulse Rate - PR, Skin Temperature -ST) were collected. The results show a major effect of the sound factor on soundscape assessment, with the O + N scenario resulting in increased pleasantness and eventfulness compared to the O scenario, i.e. a more vibrant office soundscape. Moreover, an interaction between sound and visual stimuli on pleasantness was detected, with IG being more effective in O + N, while OG being more beneficial in the O + T scenario. Significant positive physiological responses were more elicited in the presence of an acoustical connection with nature than a visual one: pleasant soundscapes of nature were associated with lowered EDA and PR with an additional improvement in EDA in the presence of indoor greenery. Moreover, a more pleasant sound (O + N) tended to decrease skin temperature in the presence of indoor greenery, while a more unpleasant and eventful acoustical scenario (O + T) gave the largest PR increase in the absence of nature-related elements indoors. This research provides first insights for the biophilic design of office spaces through nature-related audio-visual stimuli. 

Virtual reality application to explore indoor soundscape and physiological responses to audio-visual biophilic design interventions: An experimental study in an office environment

The electroencephalogram (EEG) has become a crucial tool for evaluating indoor cognitive performance. This paper presents a comprehensive review of indoor cognitive performance studies based on EEG technology over the past two decades, focusing on experimental paradigms, EEG devices, analysis methods, and main findings. The majority of studies (72.58%) are conducted in controlled climate chambers, with limited field studies. The studies primarily investigate the effects of indoor thermal, acoustic, lighting, air quality, and non-light visual factors on cognitive performance. Notably, increased N1-P3 oscillatory activities are consistently associated with enhanced indoor cognitive performance, and 88.71% of studies analyze correlations between frequency domain features and cognitive performance, with no consistent trend found. This is related to individual differences, study design, and evaluation indicators. The standard design of experiments is crucial for data sharing and result comparability. Future research should further focus on the effect of multiple indoor environmental factors on cognitive performance and optimize EEG feature extraction. The establishment of comprehensive and open EEG datasets is necessary. Additionally, integration of emerging technologies such as augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) into diverse scenarios, such as underground spaces and cabins. The extended application of EEG technology in studying indoor cognitive performance contributes to create a green, comfortable, and healthy indoor environment. 

A Comprehensive Review of Research on Indoor Cognitive Performance using Electroencephalogram Technology

Quality criteria for multi-domain studies in the indoor environment: Critical review towards research guidelines and recommendations

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Quality criteria for multi-domain studies in the indoor environment: Critical review towards research guidelines and recommendations