Microbial co-occurrence networks driven by low-abundance microbial taxa during composting dominate lignocellulose degradation

Heavy metal pollution affected the stability and function of soil ecosystem. The impact of heavy metals on soil microbial community and the interaction of microbial community has been widely studied, but little was known about the response of community assembly to the heavy metal pollution. In this study, we collected 30 soil samples from non (CON), moderately (CL) and severely (CH) contaminated fields. The prokaryotic community was studied using high-throughput Illumina sequencing of 16s rRNA gene amplicons, and community assembly were quantified using phylogenetic-bin-based null approach (iCAMP). Results showed that diversity and composition of both bacterial and archaeal community changed significantly in response to heavy metal pollution. The microbial community assembly tended to be more deterministic with the increase of heavy metal concentration. Among the assembly processes, the relative importance of homogeneous selection (deterministic process) increased significantly (increased by 16.2%), and the relative importance of drift and dispersal limitation (stochastic process) decreased significantly (decreased by 11.4% and 5.4%, respectively). The determinacy of bacterial and archaeal community assembly also increased with heavy metal stress, but the assembly models were different. The deterministic proportion of microorganisms tolerant to heavy metals, such as Thiobacillus, Euryarchaeota and Crenarchaeota (clustered in bin 32, bin59 and bin60, respectively) increased, while the stochastic proportion of microorganisms sensitive to heavy metals, such as Koribacteraceae (clustered in bin23) increased. Therefore, the heavy metal stress made the prokaryotic community be deterministic, however, the effects on the assembly process of different microbial groups differed obviously. 

Soil microbial community assembly model in response to heavy metal pollution.

Soil microbial communities mix and interact, a widespread phenomenon known as community coalescence. However, in the context of different coalescence degrees, the effects and potential applicability of soil mixing on plant disease resistance have not been studied. Here, we mixed soils from two habitats (healthy and diseased soils) at different mixing ratios for watermelon planting. Rhizosphere soils were collected for amplicon sequencing to study the effects of different degrees of bacterial community coalescence on plant growth and disease resistance, as well as on the characteristics, network complexity and stability of rhizosphere microbial communities. Combined with network and cohesion analyses, we found that mixing in more healthy soil reduced the plant disease index and increased biomass by improving the stability and complexity of the network; positive cohesion, reflecting degree of cooperation, was also negatively correlated with the plant disease index. The rhizosphere from healthy soils enriched the core taxa, Nitrospirillum and Singulisphaera. These core taxa were significantly associated with disease suppression and important for regulating the positive cohesion and modularity of the networks. Overall, these findings revealed that the soil bacterial community coalescence enhanced the stability and complexity of the rhizobacterial network, simultaneously core taxa enhanced microbial potential cooperation and network complexity, ultimately enhancing plant health and biomass. Our results provide insights into the understanding of microbial community coalescence as a potentially effective mechanism for improving plant microbial community function and suggest promising new tools for improving plant fitness via mixing soil microbiota. 

Core species impact plant health by enhancing soil microbial cooperation and network complexity during community coalescence

Soil indigenous microorganisms alleviate soluble vanadium release from industrial dusts.

Vertically co-distributed vanadium and microplastics drive distinct microbial community composition and assembly in soil.

Vertical environmental gradient drives prokaryotic microbial community assembly and species coexistence in a stratified acid mine drainage lake.

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Vertical environmental gradient drives prokaryotic microbial community assembly and species coexistence in a stratified acid mine drainage lake.