1. About These Statistics…e70

2. Cardiovascular Diseases…e72

3. Coronary Heart Disease, Acute Coronary Syndrome, and Angina Pectoris…e89

4. Stroke…e99

5. High Blood Pressure…e111

6. Congenital Cardiovascular Defects…e116

7. Heart Failure…e119

8. Other Cardiovascular Diseases…e122 

9. Risk Factor: Smoking/Tobacco Use…e128

10. Risk Factor: High Blood Cholesterol and Other Lipids…e132

11. Risk Factor: Physical Inactivity…e136

12. Risk Factor: Overweight and Obesity…e139

13. Risk Factor: Diabetes Mellitus…e143

14. End-Stage Renal Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease…e149

15. Metabolic Syndrome…e151

16. Nutrition…e153

17. Quality of Care…e155

18. Medical Procedures…e159

19. Economic Cost of Cardiovascular Diseases…e162

20. At-a-Glance Summary Tables…e164 

21. Glossary and Abbreviation Guide…e168
    Writing Group Disclosures…e171



Appendix I: List of Statistical Fact Sheets:

http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=2007

We thank Drs Robert Adams, Philip Gorelick, Matt Wilson, and Philip Wolf (members of the Statistics Committee or Stroke Statistics Subcommittee); Brian Eigel; Gregg Fonarow; Kathy Jenkins; Gail Pearson; and Michael Wolz for their valuable comments and contributions. We would like to acknowledge Tim Anderson and Tom Schneider for their editorial contributions and Karen Modesitt for her administrative assistance.

# 1. About These Statistics {#article-title-2}

The American Heart Association (AHA) works with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Center for Health Statistics (CDC/NCHS); the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI); the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS); and other government agencies to derive the annual statistics in this Update. This chapter describes the most important sources and the types of data we use from them. For more details and an alphabetical list of abbreviations, see Chapter 21 of this document, the Glossary and Abbreviation Guide.

The surveys used are:

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2007 Update A Report From the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee

1. About These Statistics

2. Cardiovascular Diseases

3. Coronary Heart Disease, Acute Coronary Syndrome and Angina Pectoris

4. Stroke and Stroke in Children

5. High Blood Pressure (and End-Stage Renal Disease)

6. Congenital Cardiovascular Defects

7. Heart Failure

8. Other Cardiovascular Diseases 

9. Risk Factors 

10. Metabolic Syndrome

11. Nutrition

12. Quality of Care

13. Medical Procedures

14. Economic Cost of Cardiovascular Diseases

15. At-a-Glance Summary Tables 

16. Glossary and Abbreviation Guide

17. Acknowledgment

18. References



Appendix I: List of Statistical Fact Sheets. URL: http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=2007

The American Heart Association works with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Center for Health Statistics (CDC/NCHS), the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), and other government agencies to derive the annual statistics in this update. This section describes the most important sources we use. For more details and an alphabetical list of abbreviations, see the Glossary and Abbreviation Guide.

All statistics are for the most recent year available. Prevalence, mortality and hospitalizations are computed for 2003 unless otherwise noted. Mortality as an underlying or contributing cause of death is for 2002. Economic cost estimates are for 2006. Due to late release of data, some disease mortality are not updated to 2003. Mortality for 2003 are underlying preliminary data, obtained from the NCHS publication National Vital Statistics Report: Deaths: Preliminary Data for 2003 (NVSR, 2005;53:15) and from unpublished tabulations furnished by Robert Anderson of NCHS. US and state death rates and prevalence rates are age-adjusted per 100 000 population (unless otherwise specified) using the 2000 …

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2006 Update A Report From the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee

Purpose— Our goal is to provide an overview of the current evidence about components of the evaluation and treatment of adults with acute ischemic stroke. The intended audience is physicians and other emergency healthcare providers who treat patients within the first 48 hours after stroke. In addition, information for healthcare policy makers is included. Methods— Members of the panel were appointed by the American Heart Association Stroke Council’s Scientific Statement Oversight Committee and represented different areas of expertise. The panel reviewed the relevant literature with an emphasis on reports published since 2003 and used the American Heart Association Stroke Council’s Levels of Evidence grading algorithm to rate the evidence and to make recommendations. After approval of the statement by the panel, it underwent peer review and approval by the American Heart Association Science Advisory and Coordinating Committee. It is intended that this guideline be fully updated in 3 years. Results— Managem...

/pdf/guidelines-for-the-early-management-of-adults-with-ischemic-16k5yjn0ic.pdf

Guidelines for the Early Management of Adults With Ischemic Stroke: A Guideline From the American Heart Association/ American Stroke Association Stroke Council, Clinical Cardiology Council, Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention Council, and the Atherosclerotic Peripheral Vascular Disease and Quality of Care Outcomes in Research Interdisciplinary Working Groups: The American Academy of Neurology affirms the value of this guideline as an educational tool for neurologists

Purpose— Our goal is to provide an overview of the current evidence about components of the evaluation and treatment of adults with acute ischemic stroke. The intended audience is physicians and ot...

Guidelines for the Early Management of Adults With Ischemic Stroke A Guideline From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Stroke Council, Clinical Cardiology Council, Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention Council, and the Atherosclerotic Peripheral Vascular Disease and Quality of Care Outcomes in Research Interdisciplinary Working Groups: The American Academy of Neurology affirms the value of this guideline as an educational tool for neurologists.

In his seminal book, Shewhart (1931) makes no demand on the distribution of the characteristic to be plotted on a control chart. How then can we explain the idea that normality is, if not required, at least highly desirable? I believe that it has come about through the many statistical studies of control-chart behavior. If one is to study how a control chart behaves, it is necessary to relate it to some distribution. The obvious choice is the normal distribution because of its ubiquity as a satisfactory model. This is bolstered by the existence of the Central Limit Theorem.

Sampling: Design and Analysis

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The Paul Coverdell National Acute Stroke Registry is being developed to improve the quality of acute stroke care. This article describes key features of acute stroke care from 4 prototype registries in Georgia (Ga), Massachusetts (Mass), Michigan (Mich), and Ohio. METHODS Each prototype developed its own sampling scheme to obtain a representative sample of hospitals. Acute stroke admissions were identified using prospective (Mass, Mich) or retrospective (Ga, Ohio) methods. All prototypes used a common set of case definitions and data elements. Weighted site-specific frequencies were generated for each outcome. RESULTS A total of 6867 admissions from 98 hospitals were included; the majority were ischemic strokes (range, 52% to 70%) with transient ischemic attack and intracerebral hemorrhage comprising the bulk of the remainder. Between 19% and 26% of admissions were younger than age 60 years, and between 52% and 58% were female. Black subjects varied from 7.1% (Mich) to 30.6% (Ga). Between 20% and 25% of admissions arrived at the emergency department within 3 hours of onset. Treatment with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) was administered to between 3.0% (Ga) and 8.5% (Mass) of ischemic stroke admissions. Of 118 subjects treated with intravenous rtPA, <20% received it within 60 minutes of arrival. Compliance with secondary prevention practices was poorest for smoking cessation counseling and best for antithrombotics. CONCLUSIONS A minority of acute stroke patients are treated according to established guidelines. Quality improvement interventions, targeted primarily at the health care systems level, are needed to improve acute stroke care in the United States.

Acute stroke care in the US: results from 4 pilot prototypes of the Paul Coverdell National Acute Stroke Registry.

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Acute stroke care in the US: results from 4 pilot prototypes of the Paul Coverdell National Acute Stroke Registry.