Insecticidal activity of essential oil from Cephalotaxus sinensis and its main components against various agricultural pests

The fumigant toxicity of eight essential oil components, 1-8-cineole, carvacrol, eugenol, (−)-menthone, (−)-linalool, S-(−)-limonene, (−)-β-pinene, and (

/pdf/fumigation-toxicity-of-essential-oil-monoterpenes-to-z02kg9x2th.pdf

Fumigation Toxicity of Essential Oil Monoterpenes to Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae)

Lethal effects and mechanism of infrared radiation on Sitophilus zeamais and Tribolium castaneum in rough rice.

BACKGROUND

Insecticide application is the main way to control Diaphorina citri. However, it causes environmental contamination, has a negative impact on beneficial organisms and leads to psyllid resistance. The essential oil of Piper aduncum has low toxicity towards the environment and contains dillapiol, which has proven to be effective against several crop pests. Here, we studied its efficacy against nymphs and adults of D. citri under laboratory conditions. Oils with three concentrations of dillapiol (69.3, 79.9 and 85.4%) at 0.5, 0.75 and 1.0% dilutions plus 0.025% adjuvant were tested.



RESULTS

All treatments caused 90–100% mortality in nymphs. Topical treatments with oil containing 79.9 and 85.4% dillapiol at 0.75% and 1% dilutions were effective (mortality ≥80%) in adults. However, the essential oil showed no residual activity against adults (mortality ≤30%).



CONCLUSIONS

Dillapiol-rich oil is a promising compound for D. citri control. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry

/pdf/efficacy-of-essential-oil-of-piper-aduncum-against-nymphs-srexd6qv3c.pdf

Efficacy of essential oil of Piper aduncum against nymphs and adults of Diaphorina citri

Fresh pulverised leaves (600g) of Ocimum basilicum (L) were harvested in July, 2014. Essential oil yield from the hydro-distilled leaves after 3 hours was 0.3(w/w) %. GC/MS analysis revealed the predominance of oxygenated monoterpenes (41.0%) in the oil. Terpinen-4-ol was the major oil constituent accounting for 29.8%. Other significant constituents of the oil were γ-terpinene (9.6%), β – Caryophyllene (7.3%), α-Bergamotene (9.2%) and Sabinene Hydrate (5.0%). The oil was therefore of terpinen-4-ol chemotype. The essential oil (EO) vapour was used to generate an insecticidal atmosphere within airtight fumigation chambers (130ml). Each chamber contained 2 pairs of adult C. maculatus and ten seeds of Ife brown cowpea variety. The EO was tested at 10, 20, 30 and 40µl/130ml air. After 24 hours of exposure, the control had the lowest percentage mortality (0.00) while complete adult mortality was observed in both the 30µl and 40µl doses. The LD 50 and LD 99 of the EO within 24 hours of exposure were 13.33µl/130ml and 41.38µl/130ml, respectively. However, after 48 hours of exposure, all doses gave 100% mortality and were significantly different (P 0.05) in the mean percentage germination of treated and control seeds after 24 and 48 hours. Keywords : Essential oil, fumigation, Ocimum basilicum, Callosobruchus maculatus , hydrodistillation

https://www.ajol.info/index.php/agrosh/article/view/133147/122771

Fumigant effect of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L) leaf essential oil on the longevity and fecundity of adult cowpea bruchid Callosobruchus maculatus (F) and on germination

Research Application Summary Insect pests attacking stored food grains cause substantial losses that undermine food security in sub-Sahara Africa. Subsistence farmers predominantly use traditional plant-based products to protect their grains in storage. In an attempt to seek alternatives to synthetic fumigants, laboratory screening of essential oil constituents were conducted to evaluate their fumigant toxicity against five stored-product insects, Sitophilus oryzae L., Rhyzopertha dominica F., Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), Oryzaephilus surinamensis L. and Callosobruchus chinensis F. Five essential oil constituents, ahumulene, caryophyllene oxide, myrcene, R(+)-apinene and R(+)-âpinene were each evaluated at four (0, 1, 5 and 10 μl/L air) rates in space fumigation chambers with four replicates per concentration. Results revealed a strong dose-, insect speciesand time-dependent fumigant toxicity in which caryophyllene oxide, myrcene, ahumulene, R(+)-apinene and R(+)-âpinene caused 18-100%, 49-100, 55.4-100, 47.3-100 and 32.5100% adult mortalities of all test insects, except the most tolerant species, T. castaneum, at 10 μl/L air 168 h after treatment. Against all the test insects, except T. castaneum, Probit regression analysis produced end-point LC50 values of 0.038.5, 0.03-7.0, 0.01-4.82, 0.01-8.20 and 0.03-6.5 μl/L air for the five essential constituents, respectively. The observed fumigant potency levels could possibly be explained by variations in compound structure-insecticidal activity relationships that influenced their degree of penetration into the insect cuticle and neurotoxicity. These findings provide the scientific basis for using essential oils as fumigants against stored-product insect pests and hence, potential alternatives to synthetic fumigants in both subsistence and commercial agriculture. Further studies Fumigant toxicity of five essential oil constituents against major stored-product insect pests of food grains Ogendo, J.O.1, Deng, A.L.5, Kostyukovsky, M.2, Ravid, U.3,Matasyoh, J.C.4, Omolo, E.O.1, Kariuki, S.T.5, Bett, P.K.5, Kamau, E. A.W. 1 & Shaaya2 1Department of Crops, Horticulture and Soils, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536 Egerton 20115, Kenya 2Department of Food Science, ARO, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel 3Department of Aromatic, Medicinal and Spice Crops, ARO, Newe Ya’ar Research Center, Ramat Yishay 30095, Israel 4Department of Chemistry, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536 Egerton 20115, Kenya 5Department of Biological Sciences, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536 Egerton 20115, Kenya Corresponding author: ogendojoshua@yahoo.co.uk, jogendo@egerton.ac.ke

/pdf/fumigant-toxicity-of-five-essential-oil-constituents-against-33p1nqwzlq.pdf

Fumigant toxicity of five essential oil constituents against major stored-product insect pests of food grains

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Fumigant toxicity of five essential oil constituents against major stored-product insect pests of food grains