Electroluminescence from quantum dots (QDs) is a suitable photon source for futuristic displays offering hyper‐realistic images with free‐form factors. Accordingly, a nondestructive and scalable process capable of rendering multicolored QD patterns on a scale of several micrometers needs to be established. Here, nondestructive direct photopatterning for heavy‐metal‐free QDs is reported using branched light‐driven ligand crosslinkers (LiXers) containing multiple azide units. The branched LiXers effectively interlock QD films via photo‐crosslinking native aliphatic QD surface ligands without compromising the intrinsic optoelectronic properties of QDs. Using branched LiXers with six sterically engineered azide units, RGB QD patterns are achieved on the micrometer scale. The photo‐crosslinking process does not affect the photoluminescence and electroluminescence characteristics of QDs and extends the device lifetime. This nondestructive method can be readily adapted to industrial processes and make an immediate impact on display technologies, as it uses widely available photolithography facilities and high‐quality heavy‐metal‐free QDs with aliphatic ligands.

Nondestructive Photopatterning of Heavy‐Metal‐Free Quantum Dots

A series of thiazolo[5,4-d]thiazoles with bipolar character has been designed and synthesized. Compounds 4a-d and 5a,b consist of a central thiazolo[5,4-d]thiazole as the electron acceptor (A) and a terminal 9,9´-spirobifluorene...

Thiazolo[5,4-d]thiazoles with spirobifluorene moiety as the novel D-π-A type organic hosts: Design, synthesis, structure-properties relations and applications in electroluminescent devices

The brewing industry plays a significant role in producing a substantial annual volume of by-products, which contributes to the global accumulation of food waste. The primary by-product generated is brewer’s spent grain (BSG), a lignocellulosic biomass rich in proteins, fiber, and moisture content. Leveraging biorefining and valorization techniques for BSG represents a promising strategy to enhance sustainability, resilience, and circularity within the brewing chain. To date, most studies have focused on extracting proteins from BSG. Yet, it is crucial to note that the fiber part of BSG also holds considerable potential for biorefining processes. This study introduces a novel sequential extraction method designed to integrally recover the major components of BSG. Notably, it introduces a reactive extraction approach that enables the simultaneous extraction and tuneable functionalization of the hemicellulose component. Additionally, the study assesses the utility of the attenuated total reflection–Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy as a user-friendly tool to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of the fractionation process. This spectroscopic technique can provide valuable insights into the changes and composition of BSG throughout the extraction process.

Sequential Extraction and Attenuated Total Reflection–Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Monitoring in the Biorefining of Brewer’s Spent Grain

Flexible organic thin‐film transistors with liquid‐crystalline organic semiconductor, 2‐decyl‐7‐phenyl‐benzothienobenzothiophene (Ph‐BTBT‐10), which is suitable for flexible transistor material because the polycrystalline thin films can be easily fabricated at about 100 °C or lower by solution process, are fabricated. 25 μm‐thick polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film and photosensitive resin poly(vinyl cinnamate) (PVCi) are used as flexible substrate and gate insulator, respectively. The PVCi gate insulator layer is crosslinked by UV light and the crosslinking reaction increases solvent resistance of PVCi gate insulator. Uniform Ph‐BTBT‐10 polycrystalline thin films are fabricated on the PVCi gate insulator and the crystallinity and electrical characteristics of Ph‐BTBT‐10 are not damaged by PVCi gate insulator. The entire process is performed below 130 °C considering the heat resistance temperature of the PET film. The fabricated transistors show the mobility of 0.24±0.084 cm2 V−1s−1$0.24 \pm 0.084 \left(\text{cm}\right)^{2} \left(\text{V}\right)^{- 1} \left(\text{s}\right)^{- 1}$ and threshold voltage of 0.57 ± 0.38 V.

Flexible Organic Thin‐Film Transistors with Liquid‐Crystalline Organic Semiconductor, Ph‐BTBT‐10

Beer is the most consumed alcoholic beverage worldwide, and its production involves the generation of a huge volume of by-products (i.e., spent grain, spent hop, and spent yeast). This review aims to highlight the main properties of these by-products as a valuable source of biomolecules (i.e., proteins, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, phenolic compounds, and lipids) and the biorefining methods used in the last decade for their valorization. The pros and cons of the technologies employed will be shown, highlighting which of them could be more ready for the transition to an industrial scale, and which applications (e.g., food and feed, bioenergy, biochemicals, and biomaterials) are the most feasible.

Advances in the valorization of brewing by-products

White light is attained by combining different‐colored emissions. White organic light‐emitting diodes, therefore, should be fabricated to obtain mixed emissions from different organic luminophores while suppressing energy transfer between each other. Here, the authors present a simple means to realize this goal by forming two‐color strip‐patterns of light‐emitting polymer (orange) and an iridium complex (sky‐blue) luminophores entirely through solution processes. The formation of the two‐color patterns is facilitated by i) the use of a highly efficient crosslinker permitting the construction of structurally robust orange primary strip‐patterns and ii) the contrast in the surface energy allowing selective wetting of the secondary sky‐blue patterns between the orange primary patterns. The emissive layer comprising the two‐color strip ‐patterns allows for the mixing ratio of the two colors to be adjusted by simply varying the areal ratio of the two patterns, which in turn, controls the white emission color‐temperature from 2119 to 7994 K.

Two‐Color Strip‐Patterned White OLEDs: Tunable Color‐Temperature via Pattern Dimension Control

A brewers’ spent grain (BSG) based dielectric material was used in organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). The fabricated devices showed a maximum hole mobility of 2.30 cm2 V−1 s−1.

Brewers’ spent grain (BSG)-based green dielectric materials for low-voltage operating solution-processed organic field-effect transistors

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Two‐Color Strip‐Patterned White OLEDs: Tunable Color‐Temperature via Pattern Dimension Control

Brewers’ spent grain (BSG)-based green dielectric materials for low-voltage operating solution-processed organic field-effect transistors