Inhibition of anaerobic digestion process: A review

Biofilms are complex communities of microorganisms attached to surfaces or associated with interfaces. Despite the focus of modern microbiology research on pure culture, planktonic (free-swimming) bacteria, it is now widely recognized that most bacteria found in natural, clinical, and industrial settings persist in association with surfaces. Furthermore, these microbial communities are often composed of multiple species that interact with each other and their environment. The determination of biofilm architecture, particularly the spatial arrangement of microcolonies (clusters of cells) relative to one another, has profound implications for the function of these complex communities. Numerous new experimental approaches and methodologies have been developed in order to explore metabolic interactions, phylogenetic groupings, and competition among members of the biofilm. To complement this broad view of biofilm ecology, individual organisms have been studied using molecular genetics in order to identify the genes required for biofilm development and to dissect the regulatory pathways that control the plankton-to-biofilm transition. These molecular genetic studies have led to the emergence of the concept of biofilm formation as a novel system for the study of bacterial development. The recent explosion in the field of biofilm research has led to exciting progress in the development of new technologies for studying these communities, advanced our understanding of the ecological significance of surface-attached bacteria, and provided new insights into the molecular genetic basis of biofilm development.

Microbial Biofilms: from Ecology to Molecular Genetics

Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of microbial aggregates in biological wastewater treatment systems: a review.

Hydrogen production for energy: An overview

A state of the art review on microbial fuel cells: A promising technology for wastewater treatment and bioenergy.

Coupling of methanogenic and methanotrophic catabolisms was performed in a single-stage technology equipped with a water electrolysis cell placed in the effluent recirculation loop. The electrolysis-generated hydrogen served as an electron donor for both bicarbonate reduction into CH4 and reductive dechlorination, while the O2 and CH4, supported the cometabolic oxidation of chlorinated intermediates left over by the tetrachloroethylene (PCE) transformation. The electrolytical methanogenic/methanotrophic coupled (eMaMoC) process was tested in a laboratory-scale setup at PCE loads ranging from 5 to 50 micromol/L(rx) x d (inlet concentrations from 4 to 11 mg/L), and at various hydraulic residence times (HRT). Degradation followed essentially a reductive dechlorination pathway from PCE to cis-1,2-dichloroethene (DCE), and an oxidative pathway from DCE to CO2. PCE reductive dechlorination to DCE was consistently over 98% while a maximum oxidative DCE mineralization of 89% was obtained at a load of 4.3 micromol PCE/ L(rx) x d and an HRT of 6 days. Controlling dissolved oxygen concentrations within a relatively low range (2-3 mg/L) seemed instrumental to sustain the overall degradation capacity. Degradation kinetics were further evaluated: the apparent half-saturation constant (K(s)) had to be set relatively high (29 microM) for the simulated data to best fit the experimental ones. In spite of such kinetic limitations, the eMaMoC system, while fueled by water electrolysis, was effective in building and sustaining a functional methanogenic/methanotrophic consortium capable of significant PCE mineralization in a single-stage process. Hence, degradation standards are within reach so long as the methanotrophic DCE-oxidizing potential, including substrate affinity, are optimized and HRT accordingly adjusted.

Electrolytic Methanogenic-methanotropic coupling for Tetrachloroethylene Bioremediation: A Proof of Concept

Ultrastructure of a bio-electrolytic methanogenic/methanotrophic granular biofilm for the complete degradation of tetrachloroethylene in contaminated groundwater

Pour reduire la concentration du methyl tert -butyl ether (MTBE) ou du tert -amyl methyl ether (TAME) dans un aquifere pollue par ces ethers, on utilise dans un procede de type biobarriere ou biofiltre un support mineral nouveau pour la fixation des bacteries, et en particulier de Mycobacterium austroafricanum I-2562, ledit support mineral comprenant de la perlite.

Procédé de traitment d'un effluent pollué par du MTBE ou du TAME utilisant la souche Mycobacterium austroafricanum I-2562 fixée sur un support minéral comprenant de la perlite

Processand Hydrogen in the Biomethanation Processes: Inevitable Transfer Limitations of Liquid-to-Gas Mass Transfer in Anaerobic

The invention disclosed relates to a method for enhancing the granulation rate of suspended anaerobic sludge. The method comprises the incremental additions to the sludge over a period of time of a cationic synthetic e.g. polyacrylamide polymer or a natural e.g. chitosan polymer. The method was performed in laboratory-scale upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB)-like reactors operated under similar conditions over a period of 5 weeks. A total of 4 injections was carried out, during the entire course of this study. The results showed that supplementation of the reactors with polymers, either the natural or the synthetic, enhanced the granulation compared to that in the control reactors (without the use of polymers). The polymers did not cause any inhibition to biomass activity. Furthermore, the granules specific activities were enhanced in the reactors supplemented with both polymers compared to those in the control reactors.

Method for the enhancement of granulation of anaerobic sludge

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