Sustainable production systems are essential for food and livelihood security and imperative to upkeep soil health and subsequently ponder over environmental degradation. Viable option is the ecologically sustainable practice and environmentally-benign science-led diversification in a farming system mode, i.e. the so-called integrated farming system. This system has an edge over traditional cultivation, in respect of water productivity, energy and input use efficiency along with regular income generation to meet farmers’ daily needs. Technological options are available on maximization of yield of different components concerning crops (cereals, vegetables, fruits, flowers, oilseed, pulse crops, etc.), livestock, poultry, fisheries, etc. besides its climate-resilient nature. Thus, small and marginal farmers will be worst affected, as they are solely dependent on farming for their livelihood. But, the major challenge before the scientific community is to develop environmentally-benign, climate-resilient models for ensuring livelihood of the small and marginal farming families.

The Effect of Crops and Farming Systems on Soil Quality: A Case Study

Enriching soybean with two soil macronutrients through boosting root proliferation with Trichoderma viride

The main objective of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Trichoderma viride BHU-2953 as a single inoculant during seed-priming to enhance phosphorus (P) uptake in soybean. A pot experiment was conducted, taking six treatments, in a completely randomized block design to assess the P uptake, root length, apparent phosphorus recovery (APR), rhizospheric phosphatase activity, pH, soil-P status, dehydrogenase activity, and fungal colony-forming unit (CFU g−1) in three different soybean growth stages through seed-priming with T. viride along with graded fertilizer P-doses. Significantly (P < 0.05) higher soil phosphatase activity, dehydrogenase activity, CFU of T. viride, and P-content in soybean vegetative parts were observed in bio-primed treatments as compared to control and RDF (full recommended dose of P-fertilizer without seed-priming), while seed-P (%), APR (%), and root lengths of RDF were found significantly (P < 0.05) lower than bio-primed soybeans with 90% RDF but were at par with 80% RDF. Higher positive correlations between CFU and acid phosphatase (R2 = 0.89, 0.9, and 0.89; P < 0.05) and between CFU and alkaline phosphatase activities (R2 = 0.98, 0.96, and 0.97; P < 0.05) at 30, 50, and 75 DAS indicate that T. viride mediated higher soil phosphatase activities. Higher P-recoveries of bio-primed soybeans, received 90% and 80% RDF, were achieved mainly due to soil applied-P solubilization through enhanced acid phosphatase activities along with better soil exploration by plant roots. Thus, seed-priming with T. viride BHU-2953 can reduce up to 20% of the recommended P-dose in soybeans.

Effect of Seed Bio-priming with Trichoderma viride Strain BHU-2953 for Enhancing Soil Phosphorus Solubilization and Uptake in Soybean (Glycine max)

Evaluating Lignification, Antioxidative Defense, and Physiochemical Changes in Soybean Through Bio-Priming Under Graded Soil Fertilization

Soil health has existed as an integrative property that reveals the capability of soil to react to agricultural interference, so that it persistently supports mutually the agricultural production and the stipulation of other ecosystem services. The key confrontation within sustainable soil management is to safeguard the ecosystem service besides optimizing agricultural yields. It is anticipated that soil health is reliant on the preservation of four foremost functions: carbon alterations, biogeochemistry mediated nutrient cycles, soil structure continuance and the directive of pests and diseases controlled by cropping system. Every one of these functions is marked as a comprehensive of a variety of biological processes provided by a multiplicity of interacting soil organisms under the authority of the abiotic soil upbringing which dictate assessment and management of soil health.

Soil Health in Cropping Systems: An Overview

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Soil Health in Cropping Systems: An Overview