Flower-like bentonite-based Co3O4 with oxygen vacancies-rich as highly efficient peroxymonosulfate activator for lomefloxacin hydrochloride degradation

Chitosan comprises polymeric macromolecules with technical and biological properties that have been used in biomedical healing applications requiring anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory capacities worldwide. In the tropical regions, green banana peel extract and andiroba oil are considered natural products with wound healing properties. The present study, for the first time, synthesized chitosan/green banana peel extract/andiroba oil (CGA) membranes and analyzed them using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the swelling and moisture tests. The CGA membranes together with control membranes of plain chitosan and chitosan plus green banana peel extract, were characterized by contact angle measurement, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Macroscopic analysis showed significant differences in color and transparency caused by the number of decoction days used for extract preparation and the oil content. SEM observations disclosed the formation of two phases, lipid and polymer, in the CGA. The number of decoction days and the andiroba oil content were inversely related to the swelling moisture uptake. All membranes were found to be hydrophilic with contact angles less than 90°. The incorporation of plant extract and oil promoted the appearance of related XRD peaks. DSC curves revealed a reduction in the enthalpy of the CGA membranes compared with plain chitosan, which might be attributed to the evaporation of the natural extract and oil. Based on these findings, the studied newly synthesized membranes demonstrated a potential for healing epithelial lesions.

/pdf/synthesis-and-characterization-of-natural-polymeric-3r272slt.pdf

Synthesis and Characterization of Natural Polymeric Membranes Composed of Chitosan, Green Banana Peel Extract and Andiroba Oil

2-Ethylhexanol unit (from a petrochemical complex) has a very pollutant wastewater in terms of COD which most of available techniques cannot treat it. According to the previous researches on this type of wastewater, electro-Fenton as an effective technique was chosen. Since this process appropriately performs in the acidic conditions and this is a problem for several industries, a core-shell [email protected]2O3 nanoparticles-bentonite catalyst was synthesized and applied to neutralize the operating pH. Several technical tests on the catalyst quality were successfully carried out. Design Expert software and ANOVA method were then used to design the electro-Fenton experiments and investigate the optimal conditions. The optimal conditions were found at pH of 6.98, reaction time of 59.22 min, current density of 51.34 mA/cm2, H2O2/Fe2+ molar ratio of 2.84, volume ratio of H2O2 to alcoholic wastewater of 1.19 ml/l and nanocatalyst dosage of 1.76 g for 93.87 % of COD removal. 

Electro-Fenton technique associated with core-shell Fe@Fe2O3 nanoparticles-bentonite catalyst for pre-treating a super-pollutant industrial wastewater

The interest is rapidly growing to use green and renewable polymers for engineering applications. Herein, biopolymers have shown great potential as environmentally friendly alternatives. Lignin is one of the most abundant biopolymers obtained from lignocellulosic biomass. Lignin constitutes approximately 15–35% of the lignocellulosic biomass. It has unique properties, such as high carbon content, high thermal stability, adhesive properties, biodegradability, biocompatibility and biological activities. Lignin has also the benefit of cost-effective processing with low energy requirements as a by-product of agricultural, paper and pulp industries. Taking account of these properties, a significant amount of research has been carried out toward the fabrication of advanced lignin-based materials with functional properties to be evaluated in several industrial applications for the last few decades. In recent years, lignin composites have gained popularity in the biomedical applications including tissue engineering scaffolds, wound dressing materials, drug delivery carriers and other medical applications. The studies have shown the suitability of lignin composites for multiple biomedical proposes. The present chapter presents a widespread overview of current achievements, limitations and future perspectives of lignin composites in biomedical field. In this chapter, recent advances in the fabrication, characterization and potential biomedical applications of lignin-based composites will be analyzed and discussed in detail.

Lignin Composites for Biomedical Applications: Status, Challenges and Perspectives

Extraction of citronella oil from lemongrass (Cymbopogon winterianus) by sequential ultrasonic and microwave-assisted hydro-distillation

Polyurethanes (PU) is one of the most widespread material in the world. Polyurethanes is an important division of a synthetic polymer that has been used widely included in biomedical applications. Utilization of chitosan for anti-microbial properties of the material is also performed in this study, including testing to comprehend the development of harmful bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, the current development of the science of nanotechnology is not only to produce the anti-bacterial material but also able to resist the thermal resistant. Therefore in this study, dispersion of bentonite nanocomposite as a filler material in the matrix as a reinforcement polyurethane to thermal insulation and improved mechanical properties of the coating materials. The results of the analysis of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) have demonstrated the formation of clusters urethane N-H in the compound polyurethane palm oil, the reaction takes for 6 hours at a temperature of 80°C as evidenced by absorption wave number N-H widening out at 3320 cm-1 and 3480 cm-1. Analysis of X-ray diffraction (X-RD) is an effective method for measuring the crystal structure of pure bentonite and bentonite nanocomposite shows the result of d-spacing pure bentonite was 1.798 nm, pure chitosan was 1.142 nm, bentonite nanoparticles was 2.055 nm, chitosan nanoparticles was 1.571 nm respectively and polyurethane/ bentonite/chitosan (PU/B/CH) nanocomposites were 3.386 nm. This d-spacing larger than that of the pure bentonite and chitosan.

/pdf/influence-of-coating-polyurethane-with-mixture-of-bentonite-4j5wpngw3t.pdf

Influence of coating polyurethane with mixture of bentonite and chitosan nanocomposites

Synthesis of palm oil-based polyurethane (PU) and the formation of nanocomposite from a mixture of PU with clay filler has been performed. Polyol which is the basic material of PU is formed by epox...

Polyurethane/clay nanocomposites from palm oil for surface-coating applications:

The preparation of natural bentonite Nisam, North Aceh by cationic surfactant were investigated under ultrasound. A cationic surfactant, Cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) were intercalated into natural bentonite from Nisam, North Aceh in aqueous solution. The solutions were exposed to 37 kHz ultrasound irradiation within 20 – 100 min. The modified bentonites were compared with raw bentonite. It was found that preparation with sonication has improved the interlayer spacing of bentonite by the intercalation of CTAB, and the improvement is getting higher with increasing of reaction time, as confirmed by the XRD patterns. FTIR measurements of modified bentonite indicate the incorporation of surfactants into bentonite. SEM analysis proved that increasing reaction time affect the morphology of bentonite.

The ultrasound effect of cationic surfactant on the preparation of natural bentonite Nisam, North Aceh.

Bentonite is not susceptible to polymers because it is organophilic and has low basal spacing. The main objective of this study is to increase bason spacing of bentonite and change the properties of bentonite to hydrophobic by modifying bentonite with cationic and anionic surfactants using Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). Surfactant with different CEC concentration, namely CTAB 1 CEC, 2 CEC and 3 CEC while SDS 0.5 CEC, 1 CEC and 1.5 CEC where the CEC is generated by halometric methods. From the results of the analysis with CEC bentonite value through the halometric method obtained 95.2 meq / 100 grams clay, while the basal spacing of interlayer bentonite with modification of cationic and anionic surfactants using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) obtained an increase in basal spacing from 14. 18393 A to 25.08971 A on CTAB 3 CEC and SDS 1.5 CEC. This research can produce bentonite from northern Aceh with the largest basal spacing so that it can be intercalated by other additives.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/506/1/012054/pdf

Synthesis and Characterization of North Aceh CEC Bentonite Determination with Methylene Blue Method and Increased D-Spacing after Addition of Surfactants CTAB-SDS

Formulation of Polyurethane with Bentonite-Chitosan as Filler Applied to Carbon Steel as an Antibacterial and Environmentally Friendly Paint

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