Purpose of the review We review treatment outcome studies and systematic reviews for childhood and adolescent posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) between January 2020 and August 2022, including studies involving younger children and different treatment delivery methods and models. We address predictors, moderators, treatment engagement, and attrition. Recent findings Recent randomised controlled trials corroborate earlier trials documenting trauma-focused cognitive behaviour therapy (TF-CBT) as a highly efficacious treatment for PTSD. Evidence for treatment effects in complex PTSD in youth is still sparse. Research on moderators and predictors of treatment continues to be hampered by multiple factors, including a lack of sufficiently large homogeneous trauma samples. Summary TF-CBT is a very effective treatment for children and adolescents with PTSD. Further work is needed to (i) demonstrate that task-shifting models utilising lay community health counsellors and peer counsellors can effectively and cost-effectively close the mental health treatment gap that exists world-wide in children and adolescents diagnosed with PTSD, but particularly within low- and middle income countries, and (ii) better understand moderators and predictors of treatment which remains a priority. 

Psychotherapeutic interventions for childhood posttraumatic stress disorder: an update

Adverse event monitoring in studies of psychotherapy is crucial to clinical decision-making, particularly for weighing of benefits and harms of treatment approaches. In this systematic review, we identified how adverse events are defined, measured, and reported in studies of psychosocial interventions for children with mental disorders.Medline, PsycINFO, Embase, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global, and the Cochrane Library were searched from January 2011-January 2023, and Google Scholar from January 2011-February 2023. English language experimental and quasi-experimental studies that evaluated the efficacy or effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for childhood mental disorders were included. Information on the definition, assessment, and report of adverse events was extracted using a checklist based on Good Clinical Practice guidelines.In this review, 117 studies were included. Studies most commonly involved treating anxiety disorders or obsessive-compulsive disorder (32/117; 27%); 44% of the experimental interventions tested (52/117) were cognitive behavioral therapies. Adverse events were monitored in 36 studies (36/117; 31%) with a protocol used in 19 of these studies to guide monitoring (19/36; 53%). Twenty-seven different events were monitored across the studies with hospitalization the most frequently monitored (3/36; 8%). Event severity was fully assessed in 6 studies (17%) and partially assessed in 12 studies (33%). Only 4/36 studies (11%) included assessing events for cause.To date, adverse events have been inconsistently defined, measured and reported in psychosocial intervention studies of childhood mental health disorders. Information on adverse events is an essential knowledge component for understanding the potential impacts and risks of therapeutic interventions. 

Review: Adverse event monitoring and reporting in studies of pediatric psychosocial interventions: a systematic review

/pdf/informed-consent-in-paediatric-telemedicine-challenge-or-2g2em5k8.pdf

Informed Consent in Paediatric Telemedicine: Challenge or Opportunity? A Scoping Review

Purpose of the review We review treatment outcome studies and systematic reviews for childhood and adolescent posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) between January 2020 and August 2022, including studies involving younger children and different treatment delivery methods and models. We address predictors, moderators, treatment engagement, and attrition. Recent findings Recent randomised controlled trials corroborate earlier trials documenting trauma-focused cognitive behaviour therapy (TF-CBT) as a highly efficacious treatment for PTSD. Evidence for treatment effects in complex PTSD in youth is still sparse. Research on moderators and predictors of treatment continues to be hampered by multiple factors, including a lack of sufficiently large homogeneous trauma samples. Summary TF-CBT is a very effective treatment for children and adolescents with PTSD. Further work is needed to (i) demonstrate that task-shifting models utilising lay community health counsellors and peer counsellors can effectively and cost-effectively close the mental health treatment gap that exists world-wide in children and adolescents diagnosed with PTSD, but particularly within low- and middle income countries, and (ii) better understand moderators and predictors of treatment which remains a priority.

The study aimed to explore psychotherapists' attitudes towards new technologies. Understanding the factors influencing their acceptance of technologies is essential to improving the accessibility, quality, and effectiveness of psychotherapeutic care in the digital age. Based on previous research from different fields (e.g., e-government and mobile applications), we integrated the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT-T) with the Technology Readiness Index (TRI). UTAUT-T focuses on one's perception of technology, while TRI emphasizes individual characteristics. Therefore, we regard psychotherapists' attitudes towards digital solutions by analysing factors related to technology and users (psychotherapists). 

The Factors of the Psychotherapists' Attitude Towards Technology: Combining Attitudes Towards Technology and Technology Readiness Models

Introduction Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a disabling psychiatric condition that affects a significant minority of young people exposed to traumatic events. Effective face-to-face psychological treatments for PTSD exist. However, most young people with PTSD do not receive evidence-based treatment. Remotely delivered digital interventions have potential to significantly improve treatment accessibility. Digital interventions have been successfully employed for young people with depression and anxiety, and for adults with PTSD. However, digital interventions to treat PTSD in young people have not been evaluated. The Online PTSD Treatment for Young People & Carers (OPTYC) trial will evaluate the feasibility, acceptability and initial indications of clinical efficacy of a novel internet-delivered Cognitive Therapy for treatment of PTSD in young people (iCT-PTSD-YP). Methods and analysis This protocol describes a two-arm, parallel-groups, single-blind (outcome assessor), early-stage randomised controlled trial, comparing iCT-PTSD-YP with a waiting list (WL) comparator. N=34 adolescents (12–17 years old), whose primary problem is PTSD after exposure to a single traumatic event, will be recruited from 14 NHS Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services in London and southeast England, from secondary schools and primary care in the same region, or via self-referral from anywhere in the UK using the study website. Individual patient-level randomisation will allocate participants in a 1:1 ratio, randomised using minimisation according to sex and baseline symptom severity. The primary study outcomes are data on feasibility and acceptability, including recruitment, adherence, retention and adverse events (AEs). The primary clinical outcome is PTSD diagnosis 16 weeks post-randomisation. Secondary clinical outcomes include continuous measures of PTSD, anxiety and depression symptoms. Regression analyses will provide preliminary estimates of the effect of iCT-PTSD-YP on PTSD diagnosis, symptoms of PTSD, anxiety and depression relative to WL. Process-outcome evaluation will consider which mechanisms mediate recovery. Qualitative interviews with young people, families and therapists will evaluate acceptability. Ethics and dissemination The study was approved by a UK Health Research Authority Research Ethics Committee (19/LO/1354). For participants aged under 16, informed consent will be provided by carers and the young person will be asked for their assent; participants aged 16 years or older can provide informed consent without their parent or caregiver’s involvement. Findings will be disseminated broadly to participants, healthcare professionals, the public and other relevant groups. Study findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals. Trial registration number ISRCTN16876240.

https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/bmjopen/12/3/e054852.full.pdf

Therapist-supported online cognitive therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in young people: protocol for an early-stage, parallel-group, randomised controlled study (OPTYC trial)

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Therapist-supported online cognitive therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in young people: protocol for an early-stage, parallel-group, randomised controlled study (OPTYC trial)