This study assessed the inhibitory effects of Garcinia cambogia extract on the cytochrome P450 enzymes in vitro. G. cambogia extract was incubated with cytochrome P450 isozyme-specific substrates in human liver microsomes and recombinant CYP2B6 isozyme, and the formation of the marker metabolites was measured to investigate the inhibitory potential on cytochrome P450 enzyme activities. The results showed that G. cambogia extract has significant inhibitory effects on CYP2B6 activity in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, the inhibition was potentiated following preincubation with NADPH, indicating that G. cambogia extract is a time-dependent inhibitor of CYP2B6. Meanwhile, hydroxycitric acid, the major bioactive ingredient of G. cambogia extract, did not exhibit significant inhibition effects on cytochrome P450 enzyme activities. G. cambogia extract could modulate the pharmacokinetics of CYP2B6 substrate drugs and lead to interactions with those drugs. Therefore, caution may be required with respect to concomitant intake of dietary supplements containing G. cambogia extract with CYP2B6 substrates.

Inhibitory Effects of Garcinia cambogia Extract on CYP2B6 Enzyme Activity.

Caffeine, a natural stimulant, is known to be effective for weight loss. On this basis, we screened the arousal-inducing effect of five dietary supplements with a weight loss effect (Garcinia cambogia, Coleus forskohlii, Camellia sinensis L., Irvingia gabonensis, and Malus pumila M.), of which the G. cambogia peel extract (GC) showed a significant arousal-inducing effect in the pentobarbital-induced sleep test in mice. This characteristic of GC was further evaluated by analysis of electroencephalogram and electromyogram in C57L/6N mice, and it was compared to that of the positive control, caffeine. Administration of GC (1500 mg/kg) significantly increased wakefulness and decreased non-rapid eye movement sleep, similar to that of caffeine (25 mg/kg), with GC and caffeine showing a significant increase in wakefulness at 2 and 6 h, respectively. Compared to that of caffeine, the shorter duration of efficacy of GC could be advantageous because of the lower possibility of sleep disturbance. Furthermore, the arousal-inducing effects of GC (1500 mg/kg) and caffeine (25 mg/kg) persisted throughout the chronic (3 weeks) administration study. This study, for the first time, revealed the arousal-inducing effect of GC. Our findings suggest that GC might be a promising natural stimulant with no side effects. In addition, it is preferential to take GC as a dietary supplement for weight loss during the daytime to avoid sleep disturbances owing to its arousal-inducing effect.

Arousal-Inducing Effect of Garcinia cambogia Peel Extract in Pentobarbital-Induced Sleep Test and Electroencephalographic Analysis.

The microbial infections have become an important clinical threat that leads to high morbidity and mortality which is mainly due to the development of microbial resistance drugs. The aim of the research was to synthesis silver nanoparticles using Garcinia cambogiaextract and to analyse its antimicrobial activity. Silver nanoparticles have a wide role in different fields of technology. The silver nanoparticles act as antibacterial and antifungal agents in biotechnology, bioengineering, textile engineering, water treatment and silver-based consumer products. The silver nanoparticles were synthesised from the plant Garcinia Cambogiausing green synthesis technology. The synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Garcinia cambogiaplant extract, were characterised by UV spectroscopy and its antibacterial activity checked by disc diffusion method. Silver nanoparticles showed higher zone of inhibition compared to erythromycin and vancomycin that was analysed using disc diffusion method. The results that we obtained proved that silver nanoparticles from Garcinia cambogiaexhibited significant antimicrobial activity than natural plant extract.
Keywords: Silver nanoparticles, Garcinia cambogia, Green synthesis, Vancomycin, Antimicrobial activity

Synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Garcinia Cambogia extract and its an-timicrobial efficacy

Garcinia indica commonly known as kokum, has lot of medicinal properties and commercial importance, but the crop remains neglected and hence there is a need to concentrate on diversification and popularization of such an underutilized fruits through development of value added products. To take advantage of health promoting properties of Kokum, Kokum fruits used as pulp and powder forms for ten different formulated and standardized value added products like Kokum Jelly (KJ), Kokum Squash (KS), Kokum Carbonated Drink (KCD), Kokum wine (KW), Kokum Diet Powder (KDP), Kokum Chutney Powder (KCP), Kokum Rasam Powder (KRP), Kokum Lassie (KL), Kokum Spray Dried Powder (KSDP) and kokum popsicles (KP). Sensory evaluation was conducted on all the products and the results indicate that, KRP were highly acceptable (8.98 ± 0.32) among all other kokum products followed by KJ, KS, KCD, KW, KDP, KCP, KL, KSDP and KP, with good acceptability scores. Value addition of Kokum fruits will improve the consumption by different communities and also reduce the postharvest losses of the Under-utilised fruit, apart from promoting several health benefits.

https://www.chemijournal.com/archives/2021/vol9issue1/PartA/S-8-6-19-674.pdf

Kokum value-added products and its sensory evaluation

Objectives: This study aimed to identify the contaminating bacteria in the extract of Garcinia cambogia, which is regularly used as a dietary supplement for addressing obesity in humans. Methods: The Garcinia cambogia extract was used and experiments were conducted to isolate the contaminating bacteria and antibiotic susceptibility was tested. The organism was identified using BIOLOG system. Such an extract was used in a placebo-controlled animal study when 6 eight adult male rats weighing between 200 and 220 g were randomly distributed into three groups (n = 3) and in test group 1, a single dose of 100 mg/kg bw of Garcinia cambogia extract was given while in the test group 2, 100 mg Garcinia cambogia extract + 116 mg Picrorhiza kurroa extract were administered through oral gavage. The normal control rats were given distilled water, and the treatment lasted for 30 cant. Conclusions: The study revealed that Garcinia cambogia could prevent weight gain in Wistar rats when given orally and the weight gain in Garci-nia-treated animals was almost 4 times less (7.31%), as against weight gain of 25.36% seen in vehicle control animals. The antibiotic susceptibility data in-dicated that the isolated bacterium is resistant to many antibiotics with a strong susceptibility to tetracycline.

/pdf/isolation-and-characterization-of-contaminating-bacteria-2jz3od4b.pdf

Isolation and Characterization of Contaminating Bacteria from Garcinia cambogia Extract: Methods to Reduce Microbial Load and Its Anti-Obesity Effect in Wistar Rats

Garcinia cambogia extract (GCE) comes from a tropical fruit grown in India and Southeast Asia. The active ingredient has been identified: hydroxycitric acid (HCA). It is said to block fat and suppress the appetite. It inhibits a key enzyme, citrate lyase that the body needs to make fat from carbohydrates. It suppresses appetite by increasing serotonin levels; low serotonin levels are associated with depression and emotional or reactive eating.

The Biological Importance Of Garcinia Cambogia: A review

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The Biological Importance Of Garcinia Cambogia: A review