Cloud computing is one of the significant facilitators of the health information revolution in the healthcare business. The global exchange of records in the health sector through electronic media is facilitated by cloud computing. In healthcare, this technology increases safety and creates innovation. Communication with the health matrix throughout the world makes feasible by the application of this technology. Cloud computing has been utilised in health care for many years and has evolved in conjunction with developments in business. This technology establishes standard accessible hardware for diverse healthcare applications via a network connection. Cloud computing and processing ensure safe communication, and the cloud servers secure all essential data. Doctors can counsel their individuals on their health and broadcast their patient's daily health regimes, typically keeping their minds and bodies healthy. Psychologists and psychiatrists can use videoconferencing that makes patients comfortable with their patients. This paper discusses cloud computing and its need for healthcare. Major key advantages, barriers, and challenges of Cloud computing for the healthcare industry are identified. Finally, it discusses the significant applications of cloud computing for healthcare. Today more and more healthcare suppliers are providing Internet of Things (IoT) enabled gadgets to patients, and patient data are instantly communicated to their doctors by linking such devices to the cloud system of hospitals. As a result, cloud computing, in conjunction with fast-expanding technologies such as Big Data analytics, artificial intelligence, and the internet of medical things, improves efficiencies and expands the number of ways to streamline healthcare delivery. It improves resource availability, improves interoperability, and reduces costs. 

Evolutionary Trends in Progressive Cloud Computing based Healthcare: Ideas, Enablers, and Barriers

Ant colony based optimization model for QoS-based task scheduling in cloud computing environment

Background: The healthcare sector has been facing multilateral challenges regarding the quality of services and access to healthcare innovations. As the population grows, the sector requires faster and more reliable services, but the opposite is true in developing countries. As a robust technology, cloud computing has numerous features and benefits that are still to be explored. The intervention of the latest technologies in healthcare is crucial to shifting toward next-generation healthcare systems. In developing countries like Ethiopia, cloud features are still far from being systematically explored to design smart and green healthcare services.
Objective: To excavate contextualized research gaps in the existing studies towards smart and green features of cloud computing in healthcare information services.
Methods: We conducted a systematic review of research publications indexed in Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, PubMed, and ProQuest. 52 research articles were screened based on significant selection criteria and systematically reviewed. Extensive efforts have been made to rigorously review recent, contemporary, and relevant research articles.
Results: This study presented a summary of parameters, proposed solutions from the reviewed articles, and identified research gaps. These identified research gaps are related to security and privacy concerns, data repository standardization, data shareability, self-health data access control, service collaboration, energy efficiency/greenness, consolidation of health data repositories, carbon footprint, and performance evaluation.
Conclusion: The paper consolidated research gaps from multiple research investigations into a single paper, allowing researchers to develop innovative solutions for improving healthcare services. Based on a rigorous analysis of the literature, the existing systems overlooked green computing features and were highly vulnerable to security violations. Several studies reveal that security and privacy threats have been seriously hampering the exponential growth of cloud computing. 54 percent of the reviewed articles focused on security and privacy concerns.
Keywords: Cloud computing, Consolidation, Green computing, Green features, Healthcare services, Systematic literature review.

pdf/towards-smart-and-green-features-of-cloud-computing-in-1ev43sqen0.pdf

Towards Smart and Green Features of Cloud Computing in Healthcare Services: A Systematic Literature Review

The integration of heterogeneous enterprise cloud data warehouses enables the formation of national health grid ecosystem that links public and private health databases to enable supervision of healthcare utilities, costs, quality of care and observance of national healthcare administrative protocols. The development of cloud data warehouse requires information communication technology to condense the costs of patient’s healthcare by supporting care, away from hospitals, where increasingly detailed data can move from patients to centralized cloud server data warehouse, allowing efficiency in diagnosis and treatment options. The global democratization of 5G telecommunication broadband creates entirely new use case scenarios for consumers addressing healthcare sector and industries, intending to improve citizen’s life expectancy. The improved data rate transmission revolutionizes healthcare sector and offers prospects that enable the telecommunication merchants to penetrate the supply chains and initiate partnerships that profit the entire healthcare business ecosystem. This paper analyses the 5G network implementation business potentials, focusing on the 5G business opportunities that originate from industrial healthcare automation, allowing patient data aggregation required for citizens’ healthcare management. The research entrenches the 5G radio frequency access network and distributed cloud IoT server systems in constructing a healthcare grid data warehouse to enable self-optimized service-level agreements. Moreover, this paper observes that the healthcare sector prioritized telecommunication operators when partnership issues were debated above every other service sector addressing healthcare development. The cloud IoT platform offers solution to synchronize-able global device connectivity management for e-healthcare and demonstrates how these improvements enable development of new systems for public healthcare policy formulation and delivery in Nigeria.

Cloud based IoT Electronic Healthcare Data Warehouse Integration in emerging 5G Health Grid Ecosystem

Cloud computing is a technology for efficiently using computing infrastructures and a business model for selling computing resources and services. However, intruders find such complex and distributed infrastructures appealing targets for cyber-attacks. Cyber-attacks are severe threats that can jeopardize the quality of service provided to clients and compromise data integrity, confidentiality, and availability. Cyber-attacks are becoming more complex, making it more challenging to detect intrusions effectively. Due to the high traffic and increased malicious activities on the Internet, a single Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be overwhelmed. Despite the various Deep Learning (DL) approaches that have been proposed as alternative solutions, there are still pertinent security issues to be addressed especially in federated cloud computing domains. This work proposes a Secure Federated Intrusion Detection Model Version 1 (SecFedIDM-V1) using blockchain technology and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) Recurrent Neural Network (RNN). The Cobourg Intrusion Detection Dataset (CIDDS) was acquired, pre-processed and split into 60:20:20, 70:15:15, and 80:10:10 for training, testing, and validation respectively to develop the proposed intrusion traffic classification component of the proposed model. The developed SecFedIDM-V1 was later deployed as a Python-based web application that captures network packets for classifying attacks into normal or an attack type. The attack packets are recorded in a Hyperledger Fabric (a private blockchain technology) to serve as a signature database to be used by other nodes in the network. From the evaluation results of the intrusion classifier, the 80:10:10 BiLSTM network performed better than GRU with a Precision of 0.99624, Recall of 0.99906, F1 Score of 0.99614, False Positive Rate (FPR) of 0.00094, False Negative Rate (FNR) of 0.00395 and True Positive Rate (TPR) of 0.99605. The SecFedIDM-V1 can be deployed alongside Firewalls in a federated cloud computing environment to reinforce the security of the infrastructure. 

SecFedIDM-V1: A Secure Federated Intrusion Detection Model with Blockchain and Deep Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Network

Cloud computing is a technology that allows dynamic and flexible computing capability and storage through on-demand delivery and pay-as-you-go services over the Internet. This technology has brought significant advances in the Information Technology (IT) domain. In the last few years, the evolution of cloud computing has led to the development of new technologies such as cloud federation, edge computing, and fog computing. However, with the development of Internet of Things (IoT), several challenges have emerged with these new technologies. Therefore, this paper discusses each of the emerging cloud-based technologies, as well as their architectures, opportunities, and challenges. We present how cloud computing evolved from one paradigm to another through the interplay of benefits such as improvement in computational resources through the combination of the strengths of various Cloud Service Providers (CSPs), decrease in latency, improvement in bandwidth, and so on. Furthermore, the paper highlights the application of different cloud paradigms in the healthcare ecosystem.

/pdf/a-review-of-evolutionary-trends-in-cloud-computing-and-1c0d401qyd.pdf

A Review of Evolutionary Trends in Cloud Computing and Applications to the Healthcare Ecosystem

Cloud users have recently expanded dramatically. The cloud service providers (CSPs) have also increased and have therefore made their infrastructure more complex. The complex infrastructure needs to be distributed appropriately to various users. Also, the advances in cloud computing have led to the development of interconnected cloud computing environments (ICCEs). For instance, ICCEs include the cloud hybrid, intercloud, multi-cloud, and federated clouds. However, the sharing of resources is not facilitated by specific proprietary technologies and access interfaces used by CSPs. Several CSPs provide similar services but have different access patterns. Data from various CSPs must be obtained and processed by cloud users. To ensure that all ICCE tenants (users and CSPs) benefit from the best CSPs, efficient resource management was suggested. Besides, it is pertinent that cloud resources be monitored regularly. Cloud monitoring is a service that works as a third-party entity between customers and CSPs. This paper discusses a complete cloud monitoring survey in ICCE, focusing on cloud monitoring and its significance. Several current open-source monitoring solutions are discussed. A taxonomy is presented and analyzed for cloud resource management. This taxonomy includes resource pricing, assignment of resources, exploration of resources, collection of resources, and disaster management. 

/pdf/monitoring-and-resource-management-taxonomy-in-1u5dmy5k.pdf

Monitoring and resource management taxonomy in interconnected cloud infrastructures: a survey

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A Review of Evolutionary Trends in Cloud Computing and Applications to the Healthcare Ecosystem

Monitoring and resource management taxonomy in interconnected cloud infrastructures: a survey