Aerobic exercise training and resistance exercise training are both well-known for their ability to improve human health; especially in individuals with type 2 diabetes. However, there are critical differences between these two main forms of exercise training and the adaptations that they induce in the body that may account for their beneficial effects. This article reviews the literature and highlights key gaps in our current understanding of the effects of aerobic and resistance exercise training on the regulation of systemic glucose homeostasis, skeletal muscle glucose transport and skeletal muscle glucose metabolism.

https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/10/2432/pdf

Regulation of skeletal muscle glucose transport and glucose metabolism by exercise training

Comprehensive characterization of the in vitro and in vivo metabolites of ziyuglycoside I in rat microsome, intestinal flora, excretion specimen and fresh tissues based on LC-Q-TOF/MS.

Claudin-2 suppresses GEF-H1, RHOA, and MRTF, thereby impacting proliferation and profibrotic phenotype of tubular cells.

Previous studies indicated that urinary glucose (UG) had a limited efficacy in diabetes screening This study was designed to have a re-evaluation of its efficacy, taking into consideration the collection method of urine and the measurement approach for UG among Chinese adults This cross-sectional study enrolled a total of 7689 participants without known diabetes, who were fasted and asked to empty bladders before a 75 g glucose loading Urine was collected 2 h post glucose loading, and UG was measured using quantitative and qualitative approaches The efficacy of UG in detecting diabetes was assessed by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve The area under the ROC curve was 089 for quantitative UG and 087 for qualitative UG Quantitative UG was positively correlated with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2 h plasma glucose (2 h PG) (r = 055 and 056, respectively, both P < 0001) Quantitative UG displayed a sensitivity of 829% and a specificity of 847% in detecting diabetes at the corresponding optimal cutoff of 130 mg Qualitative UG exhibited a sensitivity of 802% and a specificity of 856% at the optimal cutoff of glycosuria + 1 In addition, the sensitivity of both quantitative and qualitative UG was significantly higher than that of HbA1c (≥ 65%) (P < 0001) and had a comparable sensitivity to 2 h PG (≥ 111 mmol/L) (P = 0493) UG, either quantitatively or qualitatively measured at 2 h post glucose loading, was effective in diabetes screening This indicates that UG is a feasible approach for diabetes screening

Efficacy of urinary glucose for diabetes screening: a reconsideration

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) can cause brain region-specific metabolic disorders, but whether gender influences T1D-related brain metabolic changes is rarely reported. Therefore, here we examined metabolic changes in six different brain regions of male and female mice under normal and T1D conditions using an integrated method of NMR-based metabolomics and linear mixed-model, and aimed to explore sex-specific metabolic changes from normal to T1D. The results demonstrate that metabolic differences occurred in all brain regions between two genders, while the hippocampal metabolism is more likely to be affected by T1D. At the 4th week after streptozotocin treatment, brain metabolic disorders mainly occurred in the cortex and hippocampus in female T1D mice, but the striatum and hippocampus in male T1D mice. In addition, anaerobic glycolysis was significantly altered in male mice, mainly in the striatum, midbrain, hypothalamus and hippocampus, but not in female mice. We also found that female mice exhibited a hypometabolism status relative to male mice from normal to T1D. Collectively, this study suggests that T1D affected brain region-specific metabolic alterations in a sex-specific manner, and may provide a metabolic view on diabetic brain diseases between genders.

Sex-specific metabolic alterations in the type 1 diabetic brain of mice revealed by an integrated method of metabolomics and mixed-model.

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a pyrimidine analog widely used for the treatment of various cancers, but often causes hepatic damage in clinical practice. In this study, we examined the influence of taurine on 5-FU-induced hepatotoxicity in mice with respect to changes in oxidative stress. Elevations in the aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase serum levels after 5-FU administration were significantly suppressed in a dosedependent manner by concurrent treatment with taurine. The activity of superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione content in the liver were significantly decreased following treatment with 5-FU alone, but these changes were markedly inhibited by the administration of taurine. Our findings suggest that taurine protects against 5-FU-induced hepatotoxicity by suppressing oxidative stress.

Taurine as a protective agent for 5-fluorouracil-induced hepatic damage related to oxidative stress.

Glucose transporters play key roles in controlling blood sugar levels and are recognized as the pharmacological targets of antidiabetic agents. In the present study, we compared the gene expression profiles of glucose transporter GLUT class I and SGLT isoforms in the skeletal muscle, heart, liver, kidney, and brain of male and female mice. The expression profiles of GLUT1 -4 and SGLT1 -2 in male mouse tissues were similar to those previously reported. Significant gender differences were observed in mRNA expression in terms of individual these glucose transport systems and the tissues examined. Especially, all of the corresponding mRNAs of renal GLUT class I and SGLT isoforms were expressed at higher levels in female mice than in male mice. However, no significant differences were observed in serum glucose concentrations between male and female mice. These results strongly suggest that prominent gender differences exist in the gene expression profiles of these glucose transporters in mouse tissues, and that the quantitative and functional multiplicities of glucose transporters may contribute to the successful regulation of blood glucose concentrations irrespective of gender differences.

Gender differences in the gene expression profiles of glucose transporter GLUT class I and SGLT in mouse tissues.

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

S Yoshida

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Taurine as a protective agent for 5-fluorouracil-induced hepatic damage related to oxidative stress.

Gender differences in the gene expression profiles of glucose transporter GLUT class I and SGLT in mouse tissues.