Mushrooms are a great source of nutritionally valuable compounds, including proteins, lipids, polysaccharides, polyphenols, micronutrients and vitamins. In particular, they are a significant dietary source of B group vitamins and can be an ideal vehicle in order to supply these vitamins for vegetarians. Conventional extraction methods usually involve water or organic solvents and may results in the noticeable degradation of components. This review describes the potential use of the novel non-conventional methods including enzyme-assisted extraction, pulsed electric fields, ultrasounds, microwaves, subcritical and supercritical fluid extraction for recovery of valuable compounds from mushrooms. Recent studies have shown the great potential of these environmentally friendly methods for green production of specific compounds for use as nutraceuticals or as ingredients for functional foods.

Application of Non-conventional Extraction Methods: Toward a Sustainable and Green Production of Valuable Compounds from Mushrooms

Tiger’s milk mushroom is known for its valuable medicinal properties, especially the tuber part. However, wild tuber is very hard to obtain as it grows underground. This study first aimed to cultivate tiger’s milk mushroom tuber through a cultivation technique, and second to compare nutritional and mycochemical contents, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities and compound screening of the cultivated tuber with the wild tuber. Results showed an increase in carbohydrate content by 45.81% and protein content by 123.68% in the cultivated tuber while fat content reduced by 13.04%. Cultivated tuber also showed an increase of up to 64.21% for total flavonoid-like compounds and 62.51% of total β-d-glucan compared to the wild tuber. The antioxidant activity of cultivated tuber and wild tuber was 760 and 840 µg mL−1, respectively. The cytotoxic activity of boiled water extract of cultivated tuber against a human lung cancer cell line (A549) was 65.50 ± 2.12 µg mL−1 and against a human breast cancer cell line (MCF7) was 19.35 ± 0.11 µg mL−1. β-d-glucan extract from the purification of boiled water extract of cultivated tuber showed cytotoxic activity at 57.78 ± 2.29 µg mL−1 against A549 and 33.50 ± 1.41 µg mL−1 against MCF7. However, the β-glucan extract from wild tuber did not show a cytotoxic effect against either the A549 or MCF7 cell lines. Also, neither of the extracts from cultivated tuber and wild tuber showed an effect against a normal cell line (MRC5). Compound profiling through by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC/MS) showed the appearance of new compounds in the cultivated tuber. In conclusion, our cultivated tuber of tiger’s milk mushroom using a new recipe cultivation technique showed improved nutrient and bioactive compound contents, and antioxidant and cytotoxic activities compared to the wild tuber. Further investigations are required to obtain a better quality of cultivated tuber.

Comparative nutritional and mycochemical contents, biological activities and LC/MS screening of tuber from new recipe cultivation technique with wild type tuber of tiger's milk mushroom of species Lignosus rhinocerus

Ganoderma lucidum is a kind of medicinal mushroom possessing anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, immune-modulatory, antioxidant and other biological traits which render it to be used as medicinal herbs to combat against variety of diseases. Present study was designed to implement a suitable method for artificial cultivation of G. lucidum in polypropylene bags with variety of cheap and readily available substrates. Sawdusts of five woods (Swietenia mahagoni, Dipterocarpus turbinatus, Tectona grandis, Gmelina arborea and Michelia champaca) were used as substrates and each was supplemented with calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and either rice or wheat bran for cultivation. T. grandis, G. arborea and M. champaca were not found to provoke the further extension of mycelial growth and hence the growth was stunted. On the contrary, S. mahagoni and D. turbinatus were noticed to impart comparatively good yield with biological efficiency. Wheat bran was found to be more efficient as supplement than rice bran. However, S. mahagoni supplemented with wheat bran provided the best yield of mushroom among the substrates which took 6 days, 33 days and 60 days for the mycelial growth, primordial formation and harvesting, consecutively with the subsequent yields of 235.2 g/kg and biological efficiency of 7.6%.

/pdf/artificial-cultivation-of-ganoderma-lucidum-reishi-medicinal-zhpci4pphm.pdf

Artificial Cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi Medicinal Mushroom) Using Different Sawdusts as Substrates

Compacted information on mushroom cultivation in relation to production, performance, problems and prospects is very important for developing this sector. So, the aim of the review paper is to compile information on mushroom cultivation in Bangladesh. Mushroom production is increasing due to high demand of domestic market and export potentiality. In Bangladesh 40000 MT mushrooms are produced during 2018-19. Oyster, Reishi, Milky, Button, Straw and Shiitake mushrooms are most preferable species and cultivated by the farmers; but the maximum cultivation is confined to oyster mushroom (Pleurotus spp.) which are grown throughout the year. Mostly young aged educated people and rural women are adopting mushroom farming as commercial basis in Bangladesh. The study revealed that mushroom production is easy work because it requires only a little technical efficiency and a highly profitable agribusiness as evident for its lucrative benefit cost ratio (BCR 1.55-4.25). Although mushrooms production increased, there are some problems Review Article Ferdousi et al.; ARRB, 34(6): 1-13, 2019; Article no.ARRB.55161 2 confronting by the mushroom growers during cultivation and marketing including lack of cultivation house, unavailability of good spawn, capital shortage, lack of equipment’s, lack of available market and promotion in local level, lack of storage facilities etc. which are needed to be addressed for further development of this sector. There is enormous opportunity of expanding mushroom farming throughout the country. Considering the country’s limited land, over and unemployed population, strengthening the production of mushroom could be one of the sustainable options for the development of rural economy. Development of this sector would also improve the diversified business and employment opportunities both in the rural and semi-urban areas.

/pdf/mushroom-production-benefits-status-challenges-and-1b6jx7oioi.pdf

Mushroom Production Benefits, Status, Challenges and Opportunities in Bangladesh: A Review

One strategy to manage resistant pathogens and develop potential anticancer drugs is the search for new, promising, and cost-effective medicinal benefits in the field of bioactive metabolites derived from mushrooms. In the current study, Egyptian cultivated Pleurotus ostreatus fruiting bodies polar extract was prepared to evaluate its antimicrobial activities as well as its cytotoxic effect on various cancer cell lines. The Pleurotus ostreatus polar extract (PoPE) was characterized by its phenolic and flavonoid content. The phenolics and flavonoids of PoPE were 6.94 and 0.15 mg/g, respectively. P. ostreatus polar extract showed potent antimicrobial activity against four pathogens, including Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, and Escherichia coli. PoPE was found to inhibit Fusarium oxysporum (47%), Fusarium solani (28%) as well as Rhizoctonia solani (21%). PoPE was found to be 13 times more selective and toxic to MCF-7 cells than Vero normal cells, with the lowest IC50 value (4.5 μg/mL), so they were selected to examine the potential cytotoxic effects of PoPE. In MCF-7 cells, PoPE appeared to promote cell cycle arrest in the sub-G1 stage, as well as apoptosis. It significantly increased TNF-α production while decreasing IL-6 levels. PoPE’s total antioxidant capacity, lipid peroxide, and glutathione reductase activity were recorded 0.14 ± 0.02 mM/L, 15.60 ± 0.015 nmol/mL, and 9.50 ± 1.30 U/L, respectively. The existence of different bioactive metabolites was investigated via GC-MS, which confirmed the presence of 15 compounds with well-known biological activity.

/pdf/gc-ms-analysis-of-potentially-volatile-compounds-of-2c4uikaf.pdf

GC-MS Analysis of Potentially Volatile Compounds of Pleurotus ostreatus Polar Extract: In vitro Antimicrobial, Cytotoxic, Immunomodulatory, and Antioxidant Activities

Oyster mushrooms ( Pleurotus spp.) are widely cultivated all over the world. Its production is remarkably affected by the environmental conditions like temperature and relative humidity. In this study, we investigated the production of four species of oyster mushroom: Pleurotus ostreatus, P. florida , P. sajor-caju and P. high king cultivated in every season (January to December) in Bangladesh. The temperature (in 0 C) and relative humidity (% RH) of culture house in each month, and parameters of mushroom production were recorded. In all of the selected species of this study, the minimum days required for primordial initiation, and the maximum number of fruiting bodies, biological yield and biological efficiency were found in December to February (14-27 0 C, 70-80% RH). The production was found minimum during the cultivated time August to October. We suggest cultivation of selected Pleurotus spp in winter (temperature zone 14-27 0 C with relative humidity 70-80%) for better production and biological efficiency. Keywords: Pleurotus mushroom; Different seasonal conditions; Growth and yield; Biological efficiency. © 2011 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi:10.3329/jsr.v3i1.6130                J. Sci. Res. 3 (1), 161-167 (2011)

/pdf/production-of-oyster-mushrooms-in-different-seasonal-2xizj1vyra.pdf

Production of Oyster Mushrooms in Different Seasonal Conditions of Bangladesh

Background: postpartum haemorrhage is one of the major contributors to maternal mortality and morbidity worldwide. There are many pharmacological options for the management of postpartum hemorrhage, oxytocin being the first line choice of treatment.Carbetocin, a long acting oxytocin agonist, appears to be a promising agent for the prevention of PPH. This comparative study was between Carbetocin Versus Oxytocin for the Prevention of Postpartum Haemorrhage in Caesarean Section 
Objective: To determine the safety and effectiveness of carbetocin and oxytocin for the prevention of post-partum haemorrhage in caesarean section. 
Methods: Randomized controlled clinical trial was done in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Sir Salimullah Medical College Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, between February to July 2015. Study population were 64 pregnant women admitted for delivery and underwent caesarean section, who were randomly selected. Women in the intervention group (group I) received injection carbetocin a bolus of 100 mgm IV; women in the standard treatment group (group II) received 10 IU of oxytocin in IV.Both administered immediately after chiidbirth.This trial was registered in SSMC MH with reference no-SSMC/2014/76. 
Result: Difference of mean age,mean gestational age and indication of C/S were not statistically significant between two groups.Regarding haemodynamic effect,both drugs were almost similar.There was no significant difference in per-operetive blood loss,uterine tone, level of uterine fundus, urine output in urobag and hemoglobin level. Need for additional oxytocics required 0(0.0%) vs 5(16.7%) patients in group I and group II respectively and was found statistically significant.Blood transfusion needed was 0(0.0%) vs 3(10.0%) patients and primary PPH 0(0.0%) vs 3(9.4%),though both were not statistically significant. No significant difference regarding side effects and total expense was found. 
Conclusion: Administration of single bolus dose of carbetocin (100 μgIV) after delivery of the baby in caesarean section immediately reduces the need for additional oxytocics, occurrence of primary PPH and further blood transfusion. Side effects are mild and similar in both the groups. 
Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2020; Vol. 35(2): 63-67

https://www.banglajol.info/index.php/BJOG/article/download/58786/40655

Carbetocin versus Oxytocin in the Prevention of Postpartum Haemorrhage after Caesarean Section

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

S. Yesmin

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Production of Oyster Mushrooms in Different Seasonal Conditions of Bangladesh

Carbetocin versus Oxytocin in the Prevention of Postpartum Haemorrhage after Caesarean Section