It has been found that plasma confinement by the magnetic field of alternating-sign curvature with convex–concave field lines results in a strong stabilizing action against convective (flute-interchange) perturbations. For simple combinations of axisymmetric mirrors and cusps the calculations according to the kinetic stability criterion give strongly, centrally peaked stable plasma pressure profiles instead of shallow ones. For the experimental research of this effect, a compact magnetic confinement device has been modified by adding of the external current coil to fulfil the field-line curvature requirements. The critical convectively-stable plasma pressure profiles calculation in this experimental geometry and the probe measurements of the spatial plasma distribution in the new magnetic configuration of alternating-sign curvature have been performed. The experimental results give some support for a conclusion that there is an increase in the ion saturation current at the region near the minimum of the specific volume min ∫dl/B. This region corresponds to the average minimum in the second adiabatic invariant, and the kinetic description predicts the stable pressure profile peaking here due to reduction of charge separation by particle drift in alternating-sign curvature.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0029-5515/55/6/062001/pdf

Plasma confinement by magnetic field with convex-concave field lines

In nuclear fusion plasma, open magnetic systems have advantages, including high beta, no neoclassical radial transport, ease preservation, and upgrades. Magnetic Conical-Cusp Mirror is one of these systems that has attracted the attention of researchers. In the Conical-Cusp Mirror device, plasma is confined by various magnetic coils with different current directions. In this work, a Conical-Cusp Mirror plasma system and a simple magnetic mirror plasma were simulated by COMSOL Multiphysics. Moreover, magnetic field gradient and plasma beta were compared in these two systems. The results showed that the Conical-Cusp Mirror plasma is more stable and has higher beta.

The simulation of plasma in magnetic conical-cusp mirrors using COMSOL multiphysics

An interchange instability is the most dangerous instability to an open system such as GAMMA10 (Inutake et al 1985 Phys. Rev. Lett. 55 939). A line tying is a powerful tool for stabilizing an interchange instability because the magnetic field lines terminate at the conducting ends in an open system. This paper studies the mechanism of the appearance of line tying in an interchange instability by a particle simulation (taking into account the electron inertia along a magnetic field line precisely) and the line-tying effect on the interchange instability in GAMMA10 by a reduced MHD simulation. We have newly found the nonlinear (quasi-linear) stability criterion to an interchange instability with conducting ends. The limiters of Movable Limiter Outside the anchor mirror cell (MLO) installed in GAMMA10 are found to have a stabilization effect on the interchange instability, which is consistent with the experimental results.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0029-5515/53/4/043002/pdf

An interchange instability in an open system and the line-tying effect on it

This Chapter is devoted to considerations on possible applications of the surface waves (SWs) studied in the previous chapters. For convenience, in the present Chapter, the SI system of units is used for the measurements of observables. 

Applications of Surface Wave Propagation

This chapter is devoted to considerations on some possible applications of the surface waves (SWs) studied in the previous chapters. SWs have a wide sphere of applications, but here we shall consider only the following areas: plasma electronics, including devices utilized for generation of super high frequency radiation and plasma-antenna systems; plasma production, namely the plasma sources based on SWs propagation; surface plasmon-polaritons propagating in THz frequency bands; plasmonics devices, including bio-sensors, photovoltaic cells; SWs propagation in fusion plasma devices SWs propagation in fusion plasma devices and plasma nano-science.

The numerical simulation is performed in GAMMA10 A-divertor magnetic configuration, which is a candidate of remodeled device of the GAMMA10 tandem mirror [M. Inutake et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 55, 939 (1985)]. Both divertor and dipole regions are included in the numerical calculation, which is a new point. The electron short circuit effect along x-point, therefore, is not assumed so that it is not used the boundary condition of the electrostatic perturbations being zero at the separatrix on which the magnetic field lines pass through x-point. The simulation results reveal that the dipole field plays a role of a good magnetic field line curvature to the GAMMA10 A-divertor, and so the flute modes are stabilized without help of electron short circuit effects.

Flute instability in the tandem mirror with the divertor/dipole regions

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Flute instability in the tandem mirror with the divertor/dipole regions