The increasing penetration of renewable energy sources (RES) in power systems intensifies the need of enhancing the flexibility in grid operations in order to accommodate the uncertain power output of the leading RES such as wind and solar generation. Utilities have been recently showing increasing interest in developing Demand Response (DR) programs in order to match generation and demand in a more efficient way. Incentive- and price-based DR programs aim at enabling the demand side in order to achieve a range of operational and economic advantages, towards developing a more sustainable power system structure. The contribution of the presented study is twofold. First, a complete and up-to-date overview of DR enabling technologies, programs and consumer response types is presented. Furthermore, the benefits and the drivers that have motivated the adoption of DR programs, as well as the barriers that may hinder their further development, are thoroughly discussed. Second, the international DR status quo is identified by extensively reviewing existing programs in different regions.

/pdf/an-overview-of-demand-response-key-elements-and-33h9o2210n.pdf

An overview of Demand Response: Key-elements and international experience

Smart homes will be a key component of smart grids which can make significant contributions to Europe's transition to a low-carbon energy system. A growing literature on smart meters and demand side programmes focuses on the energy consumption and management services that smart homes offer. However, they can deliver much broader types of services, including assisted living, health and security. By including these non-energy aspects, this paper reveals differences in perceptions of smart homes in a cross-country comparative context to inform the delivery of smart home services. Public perceptions on the role of utilities and government in particular are important factors to be taken into account. The research highlights that policies should leave all paths open due to due to differences in householder preferences and acceptance of smart homes. Further implications for service delivery and planning are highlighted, calling for more interdisciplinary research in this area.

A comparison of consumer perceptions towards smart homes in the UK, Germany and Italy: reflections for policy and future research

Narrowband power-line communication (PLC) over distribution networks is gaining the attention of researchers, as a communication medium in future power grids. This paper investigates the application of narrowband PLC in smart distribution grids, starting from a historical overview on the accomplished technological progress and continuing with a comparison of the advantages and drawbacks of PLC technology to other smart-grid communication solutions. The analysis shows that narrowband PLC applications are best suitable for medium-voltage (MV) networks, due to the vast and complex geographical extent. The channel and topological characteristics of MV distribution networks are examined for different operational states and configurations, since they are important for the optimal design and implementation of the PLC infrastructure. The analysis is also extended to an existing overhead MV distribution network with distributed-generation units. The obtained results and the proposed methodology are useful and comprehensive tools for the efficient implementation of PLC technology in future smart grids.

Application of Narrowband Power-Line Communication in Medium-Voltage Smart Distribution Grids

Intercellular communication is a fundamental property of multicellular organisms, necessary for their adequate responses to changing environment. Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) represent a novel means of intercellular communication being a long cell-to-cell conduit. TNTs are actively formed under a broad range of stresses and are also proposed to exist under physiological conditions. Development is a physiological condition of particular interest, as it requires fine coordination. Here we discuss whether protrusions shown to exist during embryonic development of different species could be TNTs or if they represent other types of cell structure, like cytonemes or intercellular bridges, that are suggested to play an important role in development.

/pdf/fine-intercellular-connections-in-development-tnts-cytonemes-1eu2p7cmbg.pdf

Fine intercellular connections in development: TNTs, cytonemes, or intercellular bridges?

Load modelling and non-intrusive load monitoring to integrate distributed energy resources in low and medium voltage networks

In this article, we have attempted to highlight the network architectural considerations and communication technology options within the context of their infusion into SDGs so as to achieve the desired system-level objectives outlined in the various published strategic plans and road maps. Some of these are listed below.

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