Strong and huge interests on smart grid have increased extensively in recent years around the world. This scenario could be a promising reason for future research in this area. This next form of electricity grid will be able to manage various parts of power production from power plants to the customers. Smart grid has become a major challenge in developed nations in both research and utilization aspects. On the other side, application of smart grid in developing countries is still lagging behind as compared to the developed ones. However, most of developing nations are currently investigating potentials of some pilot projects or few research works. In this article, the applied activities in developing countries for smart grid are reviewed and categorized into two major groups: group of pioneer developing countries in smart grid and other developing countries are placed in another group. The findings demonstrate that a few countries such as China, India and Brazil have had proper planning and development in this technology. In some cases like China, the efforts are considered comparable with developed nations like U.S. Therefore, according to the development progress for smart grid in China, India and Brazil, a pattern of reference for other developing countries is suggested.

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The present and future of smart power grid in developing countries

Smart grids are the backbone of existing energy production and supply scenario in today’s society. Gradual increasing demand of energy has certainly emphasized the significance and provenance of reliability and predictive aspects over smart grids. Conventional smart grids under perform in terms of self-aware behavior, especially in delay tolerance, energy requirement, and dissemination of monitoring notions. Highly distributed geographical distribution sometimes cause problems for smart grids to provide necessary services to both the consumers and prosumers. Internet of Things (IoT) is thus integrated with smart grids to facilitate distributed monitoring services for smooth running of the smart grid. Although, IoT has remarkably supported smart grids to perform smarter than ever, it lacks in security, decentralization, transparency, and trust-less approaches. Thus, blockchain is envisaged to leverage minimizing such gaps and to pave new horizon in the blockchain-IoT enabled smart grid monitoring. In this paper, we investigate how blockchain and IoT together can improve existing smart grid ecosystem toward facilitation of better monitoring services. We do this via a Systematic Literature Review. Firstly, we present preliminaries behind the study, followed by in-depth review of different domains of IoT-based smart grid monitoring. Next, we discuss various attributes of blockchain-IoT derived smart grid management schemes. Then, we discuss possible opportunities and benefits of using blockchain with respect to blockchain-IoT based smart grid monitoring. Finally, we illustrate open research challenges and future directions in the aforementioned aspects. The article concludes that with certain changes in current blockchain technology, it can surely encompass the direction of enhanced monitoring of IoT based smart grid.

Reviewing the opportunities, challenges, and future directions for the digitalization of energy

Barriers and Prospects of Smart Grid Adoption in Ghana

The concept of smart grid infrastructure is already being implemented and progressing rapidly. The number of countries are transforming the traditional power grid so that it will be able to maintain the smart grid requirements. Smart grid is known as an evolutionary power grid which is proposed to make intelligent decisions on its own based on a current state of electrical power system. Microgrid (MG) is a "building block" of smart grid which supposed to provide wider control capability into the system, thus allowing to operate without connection to the grid. However, the remote and autonomous control of the smart grid may result in problems related to security. The main purpose of this paper is to consider various application scenarios of the Blockchain technology in smart grid. The utmost example is smart contract feature. It allows to reduce cost and increase security of trading operations without including third parties. In other words, direct communication between seller and consumer is implemented. Particularly, paper explain how the security and resilience of the system can be improved by the application of Blockchain technology. Furthermore, decentralized machine-to-machine interaction scheme is proposed. First of all, auction based electricity trading platform is established in Jade platform, and further on electricity trading history is stored in blockchain. The proposed case study shows implementation possibility of smart contracts in smart grid environment.

Towards the Application of Blockchain technology for Smart Grids in Kazakhstan

At present, the amount of data generated by IoT terminal devices has become extremely large. The traditional centralized data processing model centered on the cloud computing model has been unable to support the current power IoT system. This paper proposes an intelligent fault detection system for power IoT devices based on edge computing for the defects of the cloud center computing model. The system model is divided into cloud center layer, edge layer, and field layer. In the field layer, the DTW complement algorithm is used to complement the sensor data; the DNN algorithm is used to implement the fault primary classification in the edge layer, and the classification result is uploaded to the cloud center layer; the correlation between the data is used in the cloud center layer to realize the fault classification. After that, an experiment was designed to verify the efficacy of the modified model.

Intelligent Fault Detection System for State Grid IoT Equipment Based on Edge Computing

The concept of Smart Grid have in recent times being introduced around the world to make the grid smarter and more intelligent. Modernization of the grid will help with the integration of renewable energy resources, improve supply of reliable power, promote energy efficiency etc. The current status of the grid in Ghana is being studied. The potential, opportunities and challenges of Smart Grid deployment in Ghana are analyzed. The paper reviews Smart Grid technologies, the state of Ghana with regards to Smart grids, the opportunities and benefits. Furthermore, the paper discusses challenges and recommendations to address these challenges.

Smart grid: An assessment of opportunities and challenges in its deployment in the ghana power system

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Smart grid: An assessment of opportunities and challenges in its deployment in the ghana power system