Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy is used to study properties of nonpolar amorphous materials. Terahertz absorption spectra and refractive indices were measured in a number of glasses, lubricating oils, and polymers, and the results were correlated with material properties.

Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy for Material Characterization

Lubrication base oil composition comprising at least 95 wt % saturates, of which saturates fraction between 19 and 30 wt % are cyclo-paraffins and the remainder being n-and iso-paraffins, said composition having a viscosity index of above 120 and a pour point of below -15 °C.

Base oil composition

Microporous coordination polymers (MCPs) are demonstrated to be efficient adsorbents for the removal of the organosulfur compounds dibenzothiophene (DBT) and 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene (DMDBT) from model diesel fuel and diesel fuel. For example, packed bed breakthrough experiments utilizing UMCM-150 find capacities of 25.1 g S/kg MCP for DBT and 24.3 g S/kg MCP for DMDBT from authentic diesel indicating that large amounts of fuel are desulfurized before the breakthrough point. Unlike activated carbons, where selectivity has been a problem, MCPs selectively adsorb the organosulfur compounds over other, similar components of diesel. Complete regeneration using toluene at modest temperatures is achieved. The attainment of high selectivities and capacities, particularly for the adsorption of the refractory compounds that are difficult to remove using current desulfurization techniques, in a reversible sorbent indicates that fuel desulfurization may be an important application for MCPs.

Enabling Cleaner Fuels: Desulfurization by Adsorption to Microporous Coordination Polymers

1H NMR spectra of 66 samples of edible oils from 14 different botanical origins were acquired. Assignment of signal spectra to the different types of hydrogen atoms was made and the areas of the signals determined. Considering that the area of the signals of the spectra is proportional to the number of hydrogen atoms of each type in the sample, it is possible to calculate not only the iodine value, but also the proportion of different acyl groups from the data. Determination of both parameters requires only a few minutes and one spectroscopic run. Classical methodology however, requires two separate wet methods for determining the unsaturation degree (iodine value) and the proportions of different acyl groups; both of them involve chemical transformations of the sample and considerable time and cost. Determination of acyl group proportions in samples by 1H NMR, which was validated with mixtures of standard triglycerides, provides accurate results and is able to detect small differences between samples of very similar composition.

Rapid simultaneous determination by proton NMR of unsaturation and composition of acyl groups in vegetable oils

Polypropylene Plastic Waste Conversion to Lubricants over Ru/TiO2 Catalysts

PONA analyses of cracked gasoline by 1H NMR spectroscopy. Part II

Characterization by 13C n.m.r. spectroscopy of base oils produced by different processes

Modified method for hydrocarbon type analysis of blended base stocks by infrared spectroscopy

A direct, quick and non-destructive method for estimating the iodine value of fats, fatty oils and their blends in mineral oils has been developed based on {sup 1}H and {sup 13}C-NMR spectroscopy. The method involves the determination of unsaturation content of the samples by {sup 1}H and {sup 13}C-NMR spectroscopic techniques. The iodine value of the sample is directly proportional to the unsaturated proton or carbon content. The value of the proportionality constant is independent of the nature of the fats and their blends in mineral oils for the limited samples studied. The iodine value determined by this method also includes the contribution from additives containing unsaturation. Saturated ingredients in the sample do not contribute to the iodine value as is the case with the standard IP-84 method. 5 refs., 3 figs., 4 tabs.

Determination of iodine value of lubricating oils by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy

This work describes the development of a direct and quick method based on 1H NMR spectroscopy for the determination of total aromatic content of jet and aviation turbine fuels (ATF). The method is ...

1H NMR Spectroscopic-Based Method for the Estimation of Total Aromatic Content of Aviation Turbine Fuels (ATF): Comparison with Liquid Chromatographic Methods

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