Neutron detection techniques from μeV to GeV

ISIS neutron and muon source annual review 2019

The CYlindrical neutron SPectrometer (CYSP) is a polyethylene cylinder with diameter 50 cm and height 65 cm equipped with a collimated aperture and an internal capsule embedding multiple thermal neutron detectors. Analogously to Bonner Spheres, CYSP responds from thermal up to GeV neutrons and the spectrum is obtained via few-channel unfolding methods. Due to the specific design and the use of borated materials, the internal detectors only respond to neutrons coming from the desired direction. By changing the type and sensitivity of the internal detectors, the CYSP was adapted to respond over a variety of fluence rates. This work describes HELIOCYSP, an updated design of CYSP, including Helium-3 proportional counters as internal detectors and a more convenient design of the internal capsule. Due to the increased sensitivity, HELIOCYSP is suited for time-effective measurements in very low fluence rate scenarios, as those encountered in cosmic-ray-induced neutron studies at ground level.

Design of an ultra-sensitive single-moderator directional neutron spectrometer based on 3He detectors

CYSP-BEAM is a directional neutron spectrometer formed by a thick polyethylene cylindrical collimator followed by a sensitive capsule that contains several active thermal neutron detectors located at different depths along the cylindrical axis. Due to a thick lateral shield made of polyethylene and borated rubber, only neutrons from the direction identified by the collimating aperture can reach the internal detectors. As the response function of the internal detectors tend to peak at increasing energies as the detector depth increases, the device has spectrometric properties. This type of moderated spectrometer, whose prototype was the CYSP (CYlindrical SPectrometer), is capable to combine the functionalities of Bonner Spheres in a single device, thus requiring only one exposure to measure all the energy components of the incident beam, from thermal up to GeV neutrons. The neutron spectrum is obtained via few-channel unfolding methods. With respect to the original CYSP, the new CYSP-BEAM device is optimized to operate in the direct intense beam of neutron producing installations, such as large scale neutron science facilities. Compared with CYSP, CYSP-BEAM has narrower collimating aperture and the internal detectors have sensibility a factor 100 lower. Its response matrix was simulated using MCNPX. This paper describes the new device focusing on the internal detectors, the response matrix and the test measurement performed using the 14 MeV beam produced at the ENEA Frascati Neutron Generator (FNG).

/pdf/cysp-beam-a-multi-detector-directional-spectrometer-for-in-n7d3qg4tv6.pdf

CYSP-BEAM: A multi-detector directional spectrometer for in-beam neutron spectrometry

CYSP-HS: A new version of the CYSP directional neutron spectrometer with increased sensitivity.

The HOmogeneous Thermal NEutron Source (HOTNES) is a new type of thermal neutron irradiation assembly developed by the ENEA-INFN collaboration. The facility is fully characterized in terms of neutron field and dosimetric quantities, by either computational and experimental methods. This paper reports the results of the first "HOTNES users program", carried out in 2016, and covering a variety of thermal neutron active detectors such as scintillators, solid-state, single crystal diamond and gaseous detectors.

Results of the first user program on the Homogenous Thermal Neutron Source HOTNES (ENEA / INFN).

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Results of the first user program on the Homogenous Thermal Neutron Source HOTNES (ENEA / INFN).