We present the achievements of the last years of the experimental and theoretical groups working on hadronic cross section measurements at the low energy e+e- colliders in Beijing, Frascati, Ithaca, Novosibirsk, Stanford and Tsukuba and on tau decays. We sketch the prospects in these fields for the years to come. We emphasise the status and the precision of the Monte Carlo generators used to analyse the hadronic cross section measurements obtained as well with energy scans as with radiative return, to determine luminosities and tau decays. The radiative corrections fully or approximately implemented in the various codes and the contribution of the vacuum polarisation are discussed.

/pdf/quest-for-precision-in-hadronic-cross-sections-at-low-energy-55lj6wbfja.pdf

Quest for precision in hadronic cross sections at low energy: Monte Carlo tools vs. experimental data

Muon pair production through the radiative return is of importance for a measurement of the hadronic production cross section in two ways: it provides an independent calibration and it may give rise to an important background for a measurement of the pion form factor. With this motivation the Monte Carlo event generator PHOKHARA is extended to include next-to-leading order radiative corrections to the reaction $e^+e^-\to \mu^+\mu^-\gamma$. Furthermore, virtual ISR corrections to FSR from pions are introduced, which extends the applicability of the generator into a new kinematical regime. Finally, the effect of photon vacuum polarization is introduced into this new version of the generator.

The radiative return at phi- and B-factories: FSR for muon pair production at next-to-leading order

The measurement of the pion form factor and, more generally, of the cross section for electron-positron annihilation into hadrons through the radiative return has become an important task for high luminosity colliders such as the $\Phi$- or B-meson factories. For a detailed understanding and analysis of this reaction, the construction of a Monte Carlo program, PHOKHARA, has been undertaken. Version 2.0 was based on a next-to-leading order (NLO) treatment of the corrections from initial-state radiation (ISR). In the present paper a further extension of PHOKHARA (version 3.0) is described, which incorporates NLO corrections to final-state radiation (FSR). The impact of combined ISR and FSR on various distributions is investigated and methods are presented which will allow the extraction of the form factor, and even give access to inclusive photon emission due to FSR. The dependence of the results on the model for FSR is discussed and the impact of this contribution on the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon is evaluated.

/pdf/the-radiative-return-at-phi-and-b-factories-fsr-at-next-to-1s65r1o4u6.pdf

The radiative return at phi- and B-factories: FSR at next-to-leading order

Muon pair production through the radiative return is of importance for a measurement of the hadronic production cross section in two ways: it provides an independent calibration and it may give rise to an important background for the measurement of the pion form factor. With this motivation the Monte Carlo event generator PHOKHARA is extended to include next-to-leading order radiative corrections to the reaction $e^ + e^-\to \mu^ + \mu^-\gamma$. Furthermore, virtual ISR corrections to FSR from pions are introduced, which extends the applicability of the generator into a new kinematical regime. Finally, the effect of photon vacuum polarization is introduced into this new version of the generator.

/pdf/the-radiative-return-at-phi-and-b-factories-fsr-for-muon-wzn4sbomnw.pdf

The Radiative return at phi and B factories: FSR for muon pair production at next-to-leading order

The measurement of the pion form factor and, more generally, of the cross section for electron--positron annihilation into hadrons through the radiative return has become an important task for high luminosity colliders such as the $\Phi$- or $B$-meson factories. For detailed understanding and analysis of this reaction, the construction of a Monte Carlo program, PHOKHARA, has been undertaken. Version 2.0 was based on a next-to-leading order (NLO) treatment of the corrections from initial-state radiation (ISR). In the present paper a further extension of PHOKHARA (version 3.0) is described, which incorporates NLO corrections to final-state radiation (FSR). The impact of combined ISR and FSR on various distributions is investigated and methods are presented, which will allow the extraction of the form factor, and even give access to inclusive photon emission due to FSR. The dependence of the results on the model for FSR is discussed and the impact of this contribution on the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon is evaluated.

Recently it has been demonstrated that particle factories, such as DAΦNE and PEP-II, operating at fixed center-of-mass energies, are able to measure hadronic cross sections as a function of the hadronic system energy using the radiative return. This paper is an experimental overview of the progress in this area. Preliminary results from KLOE for the process e + e − → ϱγ → π + π − γ and a fit to the pion form factor are presented. Some first results from the BABAR collaboration are also shown.

Measuring the hadronic cross section via radiative return

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Measuring the hadronic cross section via radiative return