a b s t r a c t Sulfonation of polyethersulfone (SPES) was carried out using chlorosulfonic acid and the modified polymer was then used as a matrix for flat sheet mixed matrix membranes (MMMs). Second component in the MMMs was functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (f-CNTs). The zeta potential study of the cast membranes shows high negative charge on the surface of the membranes containing f-CNTs in comparison to the pristine sulfonated polyethersulfone (SPES) membranes. The addition of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) reduced the roughness parameter of the membranes as revealed by atomic force microscopy study. This also reflected in the reduced irreversible foul- ing (10.5%). The largest pore size of the membranes having 1.0 wt.% of azide functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes was 13.7 nm which classifies them as NF membranes. The highest rejection percentage (91.0%) obtained was for Cu(II) metal by azide functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes incorporated membranes. The mechanical stability, in terms of weight loss as observed from thermogravimetric analysis, was the highest as compared to the existing similar membranes with a matching increase in the strength among the membranes of its

Uniquely modified polyethersulphone and f-CNTs mixed matrix membranes for enhanced water transport and reduced biofouling

Additive Manufacturing of Multifunctional Polymer Nanocomposites: From 3<scp>D</scp>to 4<scp>D</scp>

In this study, a PSU or PES/Ox-CNT mixed matrix membrane with carboxylic functional groups on the surface underwent modification with polyethylenimine (PEI). The treatment resulted in the introduction of amine functional groups and the conversion of carboxylic acid to amide. The modification was confirmed through FT-IR and XPS, which showed the presence of amine functional groups on the membrane surface and the conversion of carboxylic acid to amide. The zeta potential of the modified membrane was more positive under acidic conditions due to the protonation of the amines on the membrane surface. A positive charge on the membrane surface improves the antifouling properties and enhances heavy metal rejection by electrostatic repulsion. The surface roughness slightly increased after the surface treatment, indicating the formation of amide linkages on the membrane surface. However, the bulk morphology of the membrane remained unchanged. The modified PSU/Ox-CNT membrane with PEI gave slightly improved heavy metal rejection and BSA rejection compared to the modified PES/Ox-CNT membrane with PEI, owing to the structural difference between them. For the same reason, the antifouling properties were enhanced. However, both membranes exhibited ∼98% heavy metal rejection and ∼95% BSA rejection, which were higher than those of the unmodified membranes. This has implications for applications such as water treatment, where the goal is to purify water by removing contaminants such as heavy metal ions. 

Positively Charged Polysulfone and Polyether Sulfone Mixed Matrix Membranes Modified with Polyethylenimine: Enhancing Heavy Metal Rejection and Antifouling Properties

Surface modification of functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes containing mixed matrix membrane using click chemistry

Porous structure studies of the mixed-matrix polymeric membranes of polyether sulfone incorporated with functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes

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Porous structure studies of the mixed-matrix polymeric membranes of polyether sulfone incorporated with functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes