In this article, it is argued that while there has been an apparent eclipse in discourse regarding the publicness or public quality of public service, the recent transition toward a market-driven mode of governance has created a serious challenge to such publicness More specifically, the contemporary businesslike changes in the objectives, structures, functions, norms, and users of public service tend to diminish its publicness in terms of its current trends toward eroding public-private distinction, shrinking socioeconomic role, narrowing composition of service recipients, worsening condition of accountability, and declining level of public trust Based on the existing studies, empirical findings, and country experiences, this article delineates the basic criteria determining the publicness of public service, uses these criteria to demonstrate how the recent businesslike reforms have led to the erosion of such publicness, and makes recommendations for reviving the quality of publicness in public service

The Diminishing Publicness of Public Service under the Current Mode of Governance

Introduction The public accountability of public governance1 has been a major concern in all societies and civilizations, although there are variations in the criteria, means, and agents of such accountability based on the nature of the polity ranging from traditional to modern, conservative to liberal, capitalist to socialist. Even the connotations of accountability often differ among societies depending on their unique sociohistorical formations, ideological inclinations, and cultural beliefs (see Haque, 1994). The liberal notion of accountability that emerged in advanced capitalist nations could be inconceivable in traditional India, imperial Japan, or communist China. However, during the post-colonial period, most Asian, African, and Latin American countries began to adopt the ideas, principles, and institutions of accountability representing the liberal democratic mode of governance found in advanced capitalist nations (Haque, 1994). In other words, despite the previous cross-national diversity in the modes of public governance and public accountability, the post-colonial period witnessed the convergence, at least in appearance, of these varying patterns of accountability into a common liberaldemocratic model. One of the most crucial features of this liberal-democratic framework is the existence of certain basic mechanisms of accountability such as legislative committee, parliamentary debate, public hearing, ministerial control, ombudsman, and media scrutiny. Despite the previous critique of these liberal-democratic means of public accountability — especially with regard to their ineffectiveness caused by overcentralized bureaucracy, complex state apparatus, incapable political leaders, and uninformed public (O’Loughlin, 1990) — such democratic means have been quite useful to ensure government accountability in terms of delivering goods and services, addressing public needs and demands, maintaining neutrality and representation, ascertaining citizens’ entitlements, and guaranteeing equality and justice. However, in recent years, there has emerged a unique set of challenges to

/pdf/significance-of-accountability-under-the-new-approach-to-2ohvxjlu41.pdf

Significance of Accountability under the New Approach to Public Governance

http://r4d.dfid.gov.uk/PDF/Outputs/Livelihoodsresearch/wp199_print.pdf

Decentralisation in India: Poverty, Politics and Panchayati Raj

The main endeavor of this study is to examine the relationship and nature of relationship between the employee perceived performance and human resource (HR) practices (compensation, performance evaluation, and promotion practices) in the banking sector of Pakistan. Survey of 235 banking personnel was conducted through personally administrated questionnaire to investigate the impact of HR practices on employees’ perceived performance. The relationship and nature of relationship is calculated by applying the Spearman’s correlation matrix and multiple regression analysis. The Spearman’s correlation results demonstrate that, the employee perceived performance and HR practices has the positive and significant relationship. The regression results indicate that the two HR practices: performance evaluation and promotion practices are significant but the compensation practices are not significant. Moreover, this study provides help for top-management of banking sector to design or revise their HR policies and make practices to attain high employee performance. 

	 

	Key words: Employee perceived performance, HR practices, banking sector, Pakistan.

http://joc.hcc.edu.pk/faculty_publications/Bowra_et_al.pdf

Impact of human resource practices on employee perceived performance in banking sector of Pakistan

What effects do International Monetary Fund (IMF) loans have on borrowing countries? Even after decades of research, no consensus exists. We offer a straightforward explanation for the seemingly mixed effects of IMF loans. We argue that different loans have different effects because of the varied conditions attached to IMF financing. To demonstrate this point, we investigate IMF loans with and without conditions that require public sector reforms in exchange for financing. We find that the addition of a public sector reform condition to a country’s IMF program significantly reduces government spending on the public sector wage bill. This evidence suggest that conditions are a key mechanism linking IMF lending to policy outcomes. Although IMF loans with public sector conditions prompt cuts to the wage bill in the short-term, these cuts do not persist in the longer-term. Borrowers backslide on internationally mandated spending cuts in response to domestic political pressures.

/pdf/international-demands-for-austerity-examining-the-impact-of-1l2ifvv3cu.pdf

International demands for austerity: Examining the impact of the IMF on the public sector

This text locates civil service reform in India in the context of the ongoing structural adjustment programme. Besides presenting attempts in developing and developed countries, it discusses the background, current status and possible reforms, and the acceptability of reforms in India. This book is intended for civil servants, those training for the civil service, students and teachers of political science, political economy and public administration, and journalists, and all those interested in politics and reforms in India.

Civil service reform and structural adjustment

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Civil service reform and structural adjustment