In this study, iron manganese composite oxide (FeMnOx) were integrated with multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) to synthesize an effective adsorbent for acid orange (AO) and basic violet (BV), two widely used organic dyestuffs belonging to anionic and cationic, respectively. Among all the composites evaluated, the FeMnOx-MWCNTs with Fe–Mn ratios of 1:1 and load ratio of 45% achieved superior adsorption capacity than others, and was selected as the best adsorbent. The Characterization data indicated that the physicochemical properties and structural characteristics of FeMnOx-MWCNTs have changed obviously after modification, with larger specific surface area and richer groups. The maximum adsorption capacity of AO (403.23 mg/g) and BV (165.29 mg/g) could be attained under optimal conditions: 300 min, 0.05 g adsorbent dosage, 100 mg/L dyes and pH 2.0 (for AO) or pH 10.0 (for BV). Moreover, the adsorption kinetics of the two dyes were both well fitted the pseudo-second-order kinetics model, and the adsorption isotherms agreed well with the Freundlich model for AO while Langmuir model for BV. Moreover, the FeMnOx-MWCNTs with optimal FeMnOx content showed relatively higher final adsorption amount and faster adsorption rate, thus better fitting with the kinetics. A mechanism was proposed that physical adsorption is the dominator during the process. The results indicated that the introduction of FeMnOx into the MWCNTs significantly enhanced the dye removal efficiency, providing a promising method for the improvement of carbon nanometer adsorbents. The selected graph can not only express the synthetic methods of FeMnOx-MWCNTs by chemical coprecipitation, but also presented the adsorption process and mechanism of AO and BV, which showed the purposes of this work simultaneously.

Iron manganese Oxide Modified Multi-walled Carbon Nanotube as Efficient Adsorbent for Removal of Organic Dyes: Performance, Kinetics and Mechanism Studies

Background and Objective: Methylene blue (MB) is one of the cationic dyes whose presence in textile industries wastewater can be hazardous for ecological systems as well as general health due to aromatic features. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of electrocoagulation (EC) and electro-fenton (EF) processes at decoloration of MB dye from aqueous solutions using iron electrode. Materials and Methods: This research is a laboratory study carried out as pilot in library scale in the first half of 2014 in Environmental Health Engineering Research Center of Kerman Medical Sciences University. The reactor with general volume of 500 ml containing two Fe-Fe plate electrodes (15×2 cm) connected to a ] direct current: (DC) [power supply was used for decoloration of MB dye. The effects of different factors such as contact time, dye concentration, Hydrogen Peroxide concentration (for EF process), used energy, electrolyte, optimal pH, and inter electrode distance were investigated. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA. Results: The average efficiency rate of removing MB through EC in optimal conditions (with primary dye concentration of 25 mg/L, pH=7, current density=50 mA, contact time=30 min, inter electrode distance=1 cm) was 93.3%±1.3%, and the removing efficiency rate of EF in optimal conditions (with primary hydrogen peroxide concentration of 100 mmol/L, the primary dye concentration=25 mg/L, pH=5, current density=0.05 A, contact time=30 min, inter electrode distance=1 cm) was obtained 78.9%±0.1% (p=0.003). Conclusion: The results showed that both EC and EF methods were effective in removal of MB dye from aqueous solutions however, with optimization of effective operational factors, EC method could be more efficient. Key words: Electro-coagulation, Electro-fenton, Methylene blue dye removal, Iron electrode, Aqueous solutions Funding: This study was funded by research deputy of Kerman University of Medical Sciences. Conflict of interest: None declared. Ethical approval: The Ethics Committee of Kerman University of Medical Sciences approved the study. How to cite this article: Malakootian M, Nabavian MR. The Study of the Performance of Electrocoagulation in Comparison to Electro-Fenton Processes at Decoloration of Methylene Blue Dye from Aqueous Solutions Using Iron Electrode. J RafsanjanUniv Med Sci 2015 14(9): 755-68. [Farsi]

The Study of the Performance of Electrocoagulation in Comparison to Electro-Fenton Processes at Decoloration of Methylene Blue Dye from Aqueous Solutions Using Iron Electrode

Background and purpose: Dyes in textile wastewater are amongst the main sources of environmental pollutants that are harmful for environment and human health. This study was designed for experimental evaluation of Reactive Blue 19 absorption from aqueous solutions by dried powder, modified powder, and modified carbon derived from Azolla aquatic plant carbon filiculoides, as a low cost adsorbent. Materials and methods: In this experimental laboratorial study the effects of various parameters (initial dye concentration, contact time, pH and, amount of adsorbent ( on the dye removal efficiency was investigated. Then the isotherm, kinetic, and thermodynamic equations were done. Measuring the amount of dye concentration was determined using a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of nm 594. Adsorbent characteristics were analyzed using SEM, FTIR, and BET techniques. Statistical analysis was done by Excel software. Results: The highest absorption capacity were 4.83 mg/g by modified powder, 4.55 mg/g by dried powder, and 4.15 mg/g by modified carbon which were observed in optimum conditions: pH=2, equilibrium time of 60 min, 10 g/L of adsorbent, and initial dye concentration of 5 mg/l. The absorption efficiency of Azolla filiculoides increased by increasing the adsorbent dose and contact time, and decreasing the initial concentration of dye. It was found that the adsorption process followed Lungmuir isotherm and the kinetic model of pseudo second-order. The maximum absorbance of dye occurred by modified powder of Azolla filiculoides. Conclusion: According to our results, adsorption process by Azolla aquatic plant is an efficient and affordable method for removal of dyes from textile industry wastewater.

Kinetic and Isotherm Studies of Reactive Blue 19 Absorption by Dried Powder, Modified Powder, and Modified Carbon Derived Azolla Filiculoides from Aqueous Solutions

Received: Sep.22, 2016 Accepted: Nov.30, 2016

The evaluation of removal of Acid Violet 17 dye from aqueous solution by Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Decoloration of disperse blue 56 using uv/h2o2/mwcnts

Removal of Acid Orange 7 Dye from Synthetic Textile Wastewater by Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes: Adsorption Studies, Isotherms and Kinetics

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Removal of Acid Orange 7 Dye from Synthetic Textile Wastewater by Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes: Adsorption Studies, Isotherms and Kinetics