Influence of post-annealing treatment on the structure properties of ZnO films

Grain boundary segregation, chemical ordering and stability of nanocrystalline alloys: Atomistic computer simulations in the Ni–W system

The charge transfer characteristics of metastable-phase hexagonal molybdenum oxide (h-MoO3) and stable-phase orthorhombic MoO3 (α-MoO3) nanocrystals have been investigated for the first time using impedance spectroscopy. The results imply that the metastable phase h-MoO3 displays a 550-fold increase (at 150 °C) in the electrical conductivity relative to the stable phase α-MoO3. The conductivity also increases as the temperature increases from 130 to 170 °C, whereby analysis shows a thermal activation energy (Ea) of ∼0.42 eV. The investigation clearly identifies that the presence of intercalated ammonium ions (NH4+) and crystal water molecules (H2O) in the internal structure of h-MoO3 plays a vital role in enhancing the charge transfer characteristics and showing an ionic conductive nature. Before the impedance investigations, the h-MoO3 and α-MoO3 nanocrystals were successfully synthesized through a wet-chemical process. Here, a controlled one-step hydrothermal route was adopted to synthesize stable-phase...

Hydrothermally Synthesized h-MoO3 and α-MoO3 Nanocrystals: New Findings on Crystal-Structure-Dependent Charge Transport

Photocurrent of a single ZnO nanowire synthesized by a sol-gel route was investigated. In vacuum, the dark current was bigger but the photoresponse was slower than that in air, attributed to the release of the available charge carriers by the desorption of water molecules and the decrease of the exchange rates of molecular ions. Under the steady radiation of the ultraviolet light (λ=325nm), a gradual decrease of the photocurrent was noticeable, which can be explained in terms of the annihilation of the carriers by the replacement of hydroxyl groups (OH−) by O2−, resulting in the decrease of charge carriers.

http://surfnano.korea.ac.kr/bbs/download.php?bo_table=31&wr_id=66&no=0&page=5

Origin of the slow photoresponse in an individual sol-gel synthesized ZnO nanowire

Ion conduction and redistribution at grain boundaries in oxide systems

Undoped and Bi-doped nanocrystallineZnO was prepared by the inert gas condensation method. Samples of different grain sizes were obtained by annealing treatments at various temperatures. The dc and acelectrical conductivity of undoped and Bi-doped nanocrystallineZnO was investigated as a function of grain size. In dcmeasurements,nanocrystallineZnO of small grain size ( 40 nm) did not exhibit time dependent conduction but exhibited ohmic behavior. This difference in dc conductivity is discussed in terms of the grain size dependence of the average trap density. A small amount of Bi dopant had no measurableeffect on the electrical behavior in the small grain size range but resulted in higher specimen resistance in the large grain size range. acelectrical properties were characterized by impedance spectroscopy. The impedance spectra of undoped and Bi-doped samples of small grain sizes were rather similar and exhibited two semicircles. In contrast, the impedance spectra of samples with larger grain sizes were single, depressed circles with much higher impedances for the Bi-doped sample, in agreement with the dcmeasurements. A consistent assignment of the contributions due to bulk conductivity, porosity, and grain boundary effects to the overall impedance is presented.

Grain size-dependent electrical properties of nanocrystalline ZnO

Anomalous Space‐Charge Limited Currents in Nanocrystalline ZnO

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Grain size-dependent electrical properties of nanocrystalline ZnO

Anomalous Space‐Charge Limited Currents in Nanocrystalline ZnO