Among the high performance engineering materials, fiber-reinforced plastics play an important role. The present work is concerned with the comparison of vital static strength properties of fine blanking with conventional drilling on hand lay-up made glass fiber-reinforced plastic (GFRP) laminates of four different reinforcement lay-up sequences such as unidirectional [0/0]n, angle ply [0 ± 45]ns, quasi-isotropic [0/45/90]ns, and cross-ply [0/90]n. Observation includes tensile and flexural bending strengths of the specimens without hole and with hole by conventional drilling and fine blanking. In this work, an endeavor has been made to simulate the service conditions to determine their effect on the response of composite laminates. Detailed studies on GFRP composites when subjected to different loading environments such as static loading, particularly tensile loading, and low frequency high amplitude (fatigue) loading were carried out. The response of the composite laminates to these service environments has been evaluated in terms of flexural strength and modulus. From the tensile study, it was observed that by inserting a hole at center by drilling, the strength was reduced to one third, and by inserting a hole at center by fine blanking, the strength was increased nearly 20% than that of drilling. Apart from this, the flexural test conducted on polymeric composite specimens showed that an exposure to low frequency and high amplitude loading enhances the flexural strength up to certain duration of exposure, beyond which, due to accumulation of damage within the composites, the flexural strength reduces with number of cycles. This can be attributed to possible strain-induced stiffening of fibers and interface.

Study on vital static properties of fine blanking of GFRP composites with that of conventional drilling

There are two major problems with Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composites during their machining that need to be addressed. The first concern is the delamination and formation of burrs at machined edges, and the second is the effects of aging leading to mechanical deterioration. In this study, Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) and Aramid Fiber Reinforced Polymer (AFRP) composites are manufactured by vacuum infusion method and aged for two years under natural environmental conditions. Piercing with three different clearances (1%, 5% and 10% of sheet thickness) and speed of 4m.s-1 are performed. Additionally, conventional drilling is carried out with a feed rate of 0.2 m/min, respectively. The highest delamination factor difference between piercing and drilling processes were calculated as 7.3% and 13.9% for CFRP and AFRP, respectively. The highest burr amounts for AFRP and CFRP composites are obtained as 91.5% and 39% at 10% clearance for piercing process whereas 123% and 32.1% for drilling process, respectively. Compared to drilling, piercing generates less burr formation except for CFRP composites in case of 10% clearance and more precise hole production. It is understood that piercing results significantly improves when smaller clearances up to 5% of the sheet thickness are utilized.

The effect of piercing and drilling processes on burr formation and delamination of aged carbon and aramid fiber reinforced polymer composites

Purpose. The authors’ goal is to determine the behavior of insulated rail joints with polymer-composite fishplates without glueing in the consideration of dynamic loadings regarding to own laboratory tests. In this paper they introduce the applied measurement opportunities. Methodology. Dynamic (fatigue) bending tests were performed by insulated rail joints assembled with plastic-polymer fishplates. The special laboratory measurements are related to digital picture/video measurement technique and assessment method executed by GOM hardware and software, as well as computer tomography according to laboratory bending tests. Findings. In previous papers the authors published the results of glued-insulated rail joints, in this period they continued their research with the investigation of rail joints with plastic-polymer fishplates without glueing. They tested two different types of rail fishplates made of plastic-polymer material. For the rail joints with fishplates but without glueing, the authors applied special measurement techniques by GOM products (Tritop, Aramis) that enable high precision digital measurement techniques with spectacular visualization results. The computer tomography records ensure the opportunity to be able to receive information about inner crackings and faults of plastic-polymer fishplates, with also high precision measurements. The assessment method has to be developed for these specific measurement methodologies to be able to compare the results and define scientific statements. Originality. Up to now any researcher and research group have been dealing with insulated rail joints with special plastic-polymer fishplates without glueing applied mentioned special techniques, no one determined the exact deterioration process of these joints, as well as the crack growing phenomenon in the cross section of the fishplates. Practical value. The research team of the authors had the possibility to see into the details of glass-fibre reinforced resin bonded plastic fishplates during laboratory tests, as well as they publish timely information in the consideration of their laboratory tests’ results. This result can be applied in railway engineering at all stages: design, construction, maintenance&operation in the future.

/pdf/supplementary-laboratory-investigations-of-modern-plastic-2wcht67asj.pdf

Supplementary laboratory investigations of modern plastic-polymer fishplates for rail joints

In recent years, automobile, naval and aircraft structures are manufactured using composite materials reinforced with glass fiber, carbon fiber, etc., because of their high specific streng...

Mechanical properties and microstructure of glass carbon hybrid composites

Effect of Fine Blanking on Hole Quality in Glass Fibre Reinforced Plastic Composites

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Effect of Fine Blanking on Hole Quality in Glass Fibre Reinforced Plastic Composites