Epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) grafted hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) was prepared via ring-opening polymerization, in which the hydroxyl groups of HEC acted as initiators and the polymeric ESO were covalently bonded to the HEC. Hydrolysis of ESO-grafted HEC (ESO-HEC) was performed with sodium hydroxide, and the hydrolyzed ESO-HEC (H-ESO-HEC) products were characterized via Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies, high-temperature gel permeation chromatography (HT-GPC), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results indicated that ring-opening polymerization of ESO occurred with the hydroxyl groups of HEC as initiators. The molecular weights of the H-ESO-HEC products were varied by adjusting the mass ratio of HEC and ESO. Through neutralizing the carboxylic acid of H-ESO-HEC with sodium hydroxide, novel polymeric surfactants (H-ESO-HEC-Na) were obtained, and the effects of polymeric surfactants on the surface tension of water were investigate...

Preparation and Characterization of Polymeric Surfactants Based on Epoxidized Soybean Oil Grafted Hydroxyethyl Cellulose

A facile method to control the phase behavior of hydroxypropyl cellulose.

The influence of Li+, Na+ and Cs+ cations on the surface excess and structure of dodecyl sulfate (DS−) anions at the air–water interface was investigated with the vibrational sum-frequency generation (SFG) and surface tensiometry. Particularly, we have addressed the change in amplitude and frequency of the symmetric S-O stretching vibrations as a function of electrolyte and DS− concentration in the presence of Li+, Na+ and Cs+ cations. For the Li+ and Na+ ions, we show that the resonance frequency is shifted noticeably from 1055 cm−1 to 1063 cm−1 as a function of the surfactants’ surfaces excess, which we attribute to the vibrational Stark effect within the static electric field at the air–water interface. For Cs+ ions the resonance frequency is independent of the surfactant concentration with the S-O stretching band centered at 1063 cm−1. This frequency is identical to the frequency at the maximum surface excess when Li+ and Na+ ions are present and points to the ion pair formation between the sulfate headgroup and Cs+ counterions, which reduces the local electric field. In addition, SFG experiments of the O-H stretching bands of interfacial H2O molecules are used in order to calculate the apparent double layer potential and the degree of dissociation between the surfactant head group and the investigated cations. The latter was found to be 12.0%, 10.4% and 7.7% for lithium dodecyl sulfate (LiDS), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and cesium dodecyl sulfate (CsDS) surfactants, which is in agreement with Collins ‘rule of matching water affinities’.

Specific Ion Effects of Dodecyl Sulfate Surfactants with Alkali Ions at the Air–Water Interface

In this study, a novel hybrid bilayer wound dressing (HBD) has been developed for delivering a thermally unstable probiotic, Lactobacillus brevis. The HBD was composed of two layer, a hydrocolloid layer and a Lactobacillus brevis-loaded hydrogel layer as a block supporter and drug carrier, respectively. Moreover, various probiotic-loaded hydrogel layers in HBD were prepared with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and numerous hydrophilic polymers via a freezing and thawing method, and their mechanical property, release and wound recovery were assessed. Among the hydrophilic polymers investigated, copovidone most improved the mechanical strength, swelling ability, and release properties; and thus, copovidone/PVA (ratio of 1.0/10) was determined as an appropriate composition of hydrogel layer in HBD. The selected HBD exhibited superior stability than conventional dressing, maintaining approximately 90% of Lactobacillus brevis (9.0 × 108 CFU) during the preparation and storage process. Moreover, the HBD had about 5- and 4-fold better swelling ability and elasticity compared to the conventional dressing. Additionally, it exhibited superior recovery efficacy than the commercial dressing in the animal study. Therefore, this HBD system for delivering a thermally unstable Lactobacillus brevis would be a promising wound dressing with excellent mechanical property and wound recovery. 

Influence of hydrophilic polymers on mechanical property and wound recovery of hybrid bilayer wound dressing system for delivering thermally unstable probiotic.

Variability in the substitution pattern of hydroxypropyl cellulose affects its physico-chemical properties

The viscosity of hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) solution with or without an additive has been measured continuously as a function of temperature with the help of a vibro-viscometer. The viscosity of...

Viscosity-Temperature Behavior of Hydroxypropyl Cellulose Solution in Presence of an Electrolyte or a Surfactant: A Convenient Method to Determine the Cloud Point of Polymer Solutions

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Viscosity-Temperature Behavior of Hydroxypropyl Cellulose Solution in Presence of an Electrolyte or a Surfactant: A Convenient Method to Determine the Cloud Point of Polymer Solutions