Self-rated health status as a health measure: the predictive value of self-reported health status on the use of physician services and on mortality in the working-age population.

The maturation of emergency medicine (EM) as a specialty has coincided with dramatic increases in emergency department (ED) visit rates, both in the United States and around the world ED crowding has become a public health problem where periodic supply and demand mismatches in ED and hospital resources cause long waiting times and delays in critical treatments ED crowding has been associated with several negative clinical outcomes, including higher complication rates and mortality This article describes emergency care systems and the extent of crowding across 15 countries outside of the United States: Australia, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Iran, Italy, The Netherlands, Saudi Arabia, Catalonia (Spain), Sweden, and the United Kingdom The authors are local emergency care leaders with knowledge of emergency care in their particular countries Where available, data are provided about visit patterns in each country; however, for many of these countries, no national data are available on ED visits rates or crowding For most of the countries included, there is both objective evidence of increases in ED visit rates and ED crowding and also subjective assessments of trends toward higher crowding in the ED ED crowding appears to be worsening in many countries despite the presence of universal health coverage Scandinavian countries with robust systems to manage acute care outside the ED do not report crowding is a major problem The main cause for crowding identified by many authors is the boarding of admitted patients, similar to the United States Many hospitals in these countries have implemented operational interventions to mitigate crowding in the ED, and some countries have imposed strict limits on ED length of stay (LOS), while others have no clear plan to mitigate crowding An understanding of the causes and potential solutions implemented in these countries can provide a lens into how to mitigate ED crowding in the United States through health policy interventions and hospital operational changes

https://www.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1553-2712.2011.01235.x

International perspectives on emergency department crowding.

Comparison of survival and cost-effectiveness between unicondylar arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty in patients with primary osteoarthritis

Treatment of Miscarriage: Current Practice and Rationale

Objective

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a commonly used treatment for severe primary knee osteoarthritis (OA) that is refractory to conservative treatment. Despite the presumed increase in the use of this treatment modality in younger patients, there are few published data concerning this. The aim of our study was to examine the changes in the age- and sex-standardized incidence of TKA and unicondylar knee arthroplasty (UKA) in Finland during 1980–2006 and to identify factors that might affect the incidence during this period.



Methods

We obtained data on UKAs and TKAs from the Finnish Arthroplasty Registry and population data from Statistics Finland to analyze the incidence of UKAs and TKAs in Finland for the period 1980–2006. The effects of sex, age group, and hospital volume on the incidence of these procedures were also evaluated.



Results

The annual cumulative incidence of UKAs and TKAs has increased rapidly from 1980 to 2006 among 30–59-year-old inhabitants of Finland. For UKAs, the incidence increased from 0.2 per 100,000 inhabitants to 10 per 100,000, and for TKAs, the incidence increased from 0.5 per 100,000 to 65 per 100,000. The incidence remained higher among women during the entire study period. Most of the increase occurred among patients ages 50–59 years. The incidence grew more rapidly in low-volume and intermediate-volume hospitals.



Conclusion

We demonstrated a rapid increase in the incidence of arthroplasty among patients with primary knee OA in Finland, especially in those ages 50–59 years. There was no single explanatory factor behind this finding, although some of the growth might be due to the increased incidence noted in low- and intermediate-volume hospitals.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/art.33367

The incidence of knee arthroplasty for primary osteoarthritis grows rapidly among baby boomers: a population-based study in Finland.

In Europe, several countries with national health services have started experimenting with planned markets.1Finland has a national health care system funded through general taxation, with good access to care and a large emphasis on primary care and preventive services. In 1993, Finnish health care financing was reorganized with the purpose of increasing efficiency and performance. Background Since her independence in 1917, Finland has been a republic, combining a parliamentary system with a strong presidency. It is a country of 5 million inhabitants but is sparsely populated. The Finnish population is culturally and racially homogeneous. In contrast to Sweden and Denmark, there is very little immigration into Finland. Finland's economy was formerly dominated by agriculture; however, in the past few decades it has been primarily transformed into services (60% of the population) and industry (30% of the population).2Finland governs by a capitalistic democracy, but its people have

Letter From Helsinki : Finland's Health Care System. Universal Access to Health Care in a Capitalistic Democracy.

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Letter From Helsinki : Finland's Health Care System. Universal Access to Health Care in a Capitalistic Democracy.