This paper presents 22 configurations of power filters for the harmonic compensation of nonlinear loads. Some of these configurations are novel and result from the newly discovered characteristics of nonlinear loads and circuitry duality, while the others are well known and used in practice. Nonlinear loads are characterized into two types of harmonic sources-current-source nonlinear loads and voltage-source nonlinear loads. These two types of harmonic sources have completely distinctive, dual properties and characteristics. Based on their properties and characteristics, the current-source nonlinear loads and voltage-source nonlinear loads have their own suitable filter configurations, respectively. This paper reveals 22 basic configurations: active and passive, series and parallel, and hybrid and combined power filters. Among them are some novel filter configurations, and their advantages are discussed and demonstrated by analysis, simulation, and experiment. In addition, a comprehensive comparison of all configurations is made in terms of required ratings, costs, performance and controls.

/pdf/harmonic-sources-and-filtering-approaches-series-parallel-3nc0yax8yz.pdf

Harmonic sources and filtering approaches-series/parallel, active/passive, and their combined power filters

Active filters are an effective means for harmonic compensation of nonlinear power electronic loads, of particular importance as electric utilities enforce harmonic standards such as IEEE 519. Harmonic compensation is an extremely cost-sensitive application since the value-added to the user is not apparent. This paper addresses the cost-effectiveness of various active filter topologies based on the application. Pure active filter solutions and hybrid active filter solutions are both seen to have merit in realizing a harmonic free utility interface for industrial loads rated at 100 kW to several MW. The objective of this paper is to present a methodology, for both the industrial user and the utility, to match the optimal active filter solution to their application.

Active filter solutions for utility interface

A methodology of harmonic detection in active power filter from the power line by using neural network is presented. Harmonic detection by using Fourier transformation is an advantageous method to compensate a specific harmonic component. However, it needs input data for each cycle of the current waveform and needs time for the analysis in each cycle. Therefore, the harmonic compensation will be delayed for more than 2 cycles. This paper proposes a new idea to detect harmonic from a given distorted wave by using the partial association of a multilayer neural network. By providing sequentially the amplitude values of distorted wave to neural network, the context of each harmonic component will be detected to each corresponding unit in output layer. In this paper, the detection of 3rd and 5th harmonic components from the distorted waves has been verified by means of the simulation. As neural network can correctly detect the context of each harmonic, we conclude that the proposed algorithm is available to be used for active power filter.

Harmonic detection by using neural network

A high-performance DC-DC converter that has good DC characteristics and operates on constant-frequency, variable-duty mode in a wide load range is proposed. It also has low switching loss, low voltage stress, and low electromagnetic interference. Owing to these features, the converter overcomes most of the limitations of resonant and quasi-resonant converters, such as high VA rating of resonant elements, variable frequency operation, and limited load range, and improves on the efficiency and DC characteristics of the pseudo-resonant converter. The proposed converter is thought to be suitable for high-power applications (above several kVA) as well as for low-power applications with high power density and high performance. Simulation results are shown under the conditions of 100 kHz and 1 kVA load. >

/pdf/a-new-high-performance-zero-voltage-zero-current-mixed-mode-3ar9te6hj5.pdf

A new high performance zero-voltage zero-current mixed mode switching DC/DC converter

A new family of resonant converters, which is named as "Sin­gle Cycle Resonant Convertcr [SCRC]" is proposed Conventional 6-basic PWM DC/DC converters are simplified and unified using the concepts of switch cell, so called "PWM switch cell". By adding additional LC resonant elements to the PWM switch cell, a general resonant switch cell which includes newly proposed "Single Cycle Resonant Switch[SCRS] cell", can be made. The conven­tional 6-basic PWM dc/dc converters can be easily changed to corresponding resonant converters simply by replacing each PWM switch cell with the proposed general resonant switch cell. As a special case, a new family of SCRC's which have the same charac­teristics as those of conventional PWM converters with zero cross switching capabilities, is obtained using the SCRS cell According to type of switches, they can be applied to fixed frequency AC/AC converter(electronic slidacs) as well as DC/DC converter. The steady state operation and characteristics of buck type SCRC is analyzed, and verified through the simulation.

Single cycle resonant converters : a new family of resonant converters

We have developed a practical active power filters using SI(Static Induction)-Thyristors, a self-turn-off device excellent in high speed switching characteristics. This active filter was applied to VVVF inverter-driven water distribution system and has operated in the best conditions since the end of the last year. The active filter we have devel­oped uses the compensating algorithm based on the instantaneous spatial vector theory and achieves nig11 speed and high accuracy controls by perform­ing the on-line arithmetic operation with a digital signal processor. As for compensating perform­ances suppression effects within 2% have been a-chieved as compared with the fundamental compo­nents at the 5th to 19th harmonics components of inverter current contained in the input current of inverter system.

Practical active power filters using si-thyristors

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Practical active power filters using si-thyristors