MiADMSA ameliorate arsenic induced urinary bladder carcinogenesis in vivo and in vitro.

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of nivolumab for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) via meta-analysis. Methods In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Embase, Science Citation Index Expanded, The Cochrane Library, and Web of Science for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using nivolumab for patients with advanced RCC published before 30 December 2021. Quality assessments and meta-analyses were performed on all the literature assessed for eligibility. Results Of 203 studies identified as potentially eligible from 3214 studies in a preliminary search, three RCTs including 2550 RCC cases met the inclusion criteria and were of high quality. Meta-analysis showed benefits of nivolumab in the progression-free survival (PFS) (HR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.54 to 0.99, P=0.04) and overall survival (OS) (HR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.63 to 0.78, P < 0.001) of patients with advanced RCC, and no increase in documented adverse events was recorded. Conclusion Nivolumab plus ipilimumab has significant benefits versus sunitinib in the treatment of advanced RCC in terms of tumor progression control and prolongation of OS and PFS, with a manageable safety profile.

/pdf/efficacy-and-safety-of-nivolumab-for-advanced-renal-cell-22c2i32n.pdf

Efficacy and Safety of Nivolumab for Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract Background Misuse of analysis of variance alongside other statistical methods has been an important topic of discussion in many scientific gatherings. Although misuse of analysis of variance is of global concern, its prevalence in African-based biomedical journals has raised concerns among colleagues. Methods We sampled the current issues/last published issues of all African biomedical journals aggregated in an African journal aggregator. We scanned through all the journals’ sample articles in the journal aggregator and retrieved articles that either applied analysis of variance or were supposed to use the test. Results Our results show that 126 articles of the total 1789 sampled articles employed analysis of variance test for analysis. Of these, 99 (78.6%) articles used the analysis of variance test correctly, while 27 (21.4%) misused the test. Not stating the type of analysis of variance test employed for analysis was the most prevalent misuse of analysis of variance test. Conclusions In overall, the study demonstrated that misuse of analysis of variance test is prevalent in African biomedical journals. Therefore, all stakeholders (medical schools, reviewers, journal editors) need to do more to nip it in the bud. 

/pdf/misuse-of-analysis-of-variance-in-african-biomedical-20ywa4vo.pdf

Misuse of analysis of variance in African biomedical journals: a call for more vigilance

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer with high mortality. Escalation of T stage associates with worse survival. Proper and significant biomarker examination necessary to determine the predictive factor and the opportunity of targeted therapy as well. Upregulated CXCR4 expression on cancer cell promotes its aggressive growth, dissemination, metastasis, and conventional therapy resistance. Overexpression of CXCR4 may induce MMP-2 activity on tumor cell, an enzyme that degrade extracellular matrix and basal membrane particularly, which associated with tumor invasion and metastasis. Those biomarkers activity might be advantaged under hypoxic microenvironment in ccRCC. This study aimed to analyze the role and correlation of CXCR4 and MMP-2 expression with various T stages in ccRCC. Analytic observational study with cross-sectional approach was conducted on 43 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue of patients diagnosed as ccRCC in Anatomical Pathology Laboratory of Dr. Soetomo Hospital throughout January 2015 until December 2020. CXCR4 and MMP-2 expression were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Statistical analysis with Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman test were utilized to analyze the expression difference and correlation. Difference of both CXCR4 (p=0.016) and MMP-2 (p=0.029) expression were obtained on various T stages. There was a significant positive correlation between CXCR4 expression (p=0.001) and MMP-2 expression (p=0.002) with T stage, also between CXCR4 with MMP-2 expression in various T stage of ccRCC (p=0.000). In conclusion, this study exhibited that CXCR4 and MMP-2 expression showed synergistic and positive correlation with T stage and might be considered as the basis of targeted therapy in ccRCC.

Correlation between CXCR4 and MMP-2 Expression with T Stage in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

The Increasing Body Mass Index is one of the major concerns in today's lifestyle, which may give rise to various disorders. Studies have suggested that Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) are associated with Obesity and cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to evaluate the serum activity of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 in overweight patients with anthropometric measurements to assess the effect of body mass index in MMP-2 activity. In this Age and sex matched case-control study the participants were selected in 2:1 ratio (219 cases and 108 controls). In this study Body Mass Index, Blood Pressure, and other biochemical parameters i.e. Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS), Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TG), High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) along with MMP-2 were measured through semi-autoanalyzer and ELISA respectively. There was an increased concentration of FBS in overweight patients compared to the control group, which was statistically significant. In the case of lipid profile, there was an elevated concentration of TC, TG, and LDLC in the overweight population when compared to the control group and the findings were statistically significant, while HDL-C was significantly elevated in the control group compared to the case group. With respect to blood pressure, a significant increase was observed in systolic and diastolic blood pressure. In this study, there was a significant elevation of MMP-2 in the case group compared to the control group, which was positively associated with Body Mass Index. The outcome of this study revealed that increasing body weight might be the root cause of developing several life-threatening risk factors if not considered at initial level. Furthermore, altered concentration of MMP-2 in overweight patients may highlight cardiovascular Risk in these patients. (authors need to rewrite the abstract systematically. In addition, there are many spelling and grammatical errors.) 

/pdf/effect-of-increasing-body-mass-index-on-the-activity-of-2v1fwn3q.pdf

Effect of Increasing Body Mass Index On the Activity of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2

https://www.ajol.info/index.php/aju/article/view/182073/171456

Role of MMP-2, MMP-9 and VEGF as serum biomarker in early prognosis of renal cell carcinoma

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Role of MMP-2, MMP-9 and VEGF as serum biomarker in early prognosis of renal cell carcinoma