The Tragedy of Great Power Politics

Ghost Wars provides an historical review of and perspective on the the Soviet invasion and occupation of Afghanistan and the resulting resistance The author discusses how a favorable environment was created conducive to the rise of Osama bin Laden and the Taliban and how the U.S. handled the rising threat of terrorism.

Ghost Wars: The Secret History of the CIA, Afghanistan, and Bin Laden, from the Soviet Invasion to September 10, 2001

In fact, Baathist Iraq was a pressure-cooker, consisting of a highly mobilized, urban and relatively literate population that had organized clandestinely to oppose the weak and ramshackle Baath state. Although the clan-based political parties and militias of the Kurds in the north were well known because they had emerged as autonomous under the US no-fly zone, similar phenomena in the Sunni Arab center and the Shiite south were obscured by the information black-out of Baath party censorship. In al-Anbar Province, lying on the road between Amman and Baghdad, local populations came under the influence of Salafi or Sunni fundamentalist movements and ideas that were also growing popular in Jordan. In the late Saddam period, the secular Baathist state allowed more manifestations of Sunni religiosity than it had earlier, allowing these groups to establish beachheads in Fallujah, Ramadi and elsewhere.

The Senate Committee on Foreign Relations

Yemen's civil war entered its sixth year in 2021. United Nations–led peace talks, which have been ongoing since the very beginning of the crisis, have struggled to gain traction. This report draws on five years of RAND research to describe the challenges facing efforts to achieve an enduring peace in Yemen and outlines constructive steps the international community can take to achieve an enduring peace.

/pdf/building-an-enduring-peace-in-yemen-lessons-from-five-years-2hej2dxtbc.pdf

Building an Enduring Peace in Yemen: Lessons from Five Years of RAND Research

With the Shia Militias in Iraq

The authors analyze the prospect that Iran will further invest in Yemen's Houthis and develop them into an enduring proxy group. The authors examine the Houthi movement's history, the Houthis' current relations with Iran, Iran's history of proxy development, and the trajectory of the Houthi-Iran relationship, and then pose scenarios for the future. The report should be of interest to a wide audience in the foreign policy and defense community.

/pdf/could-the-houthis-be-the-next-hizballah-iranian-proxy-4o2h7jxna1.pdf

Could the Houthis Be the Next Hizballah?: Iranian Proxy Development in Yemen and the Future of the Houthi Movement

Although the Army has traditionally focused most of its recruiting efforts on high school diploma holders ages 18 to 24, older recruits, as a group, score higher on qualification tests and are more likely to reenlist and to be promoted. RAND researchers examined the potential for recruiting individuals older than 21 and derived actionable recommendations for improving recruitment among older individuals.

Identifying Opportunities to Recruit More Individuals Above the Age of 21 into the U.S. Army

Air Force Special Warfare (AFSPECWAR) operators conduct some of the most physically and mentally challenging missions in the U.S. military. To improve assessment and selection (A&S) practices for some AFSPECWAR specialties, the Department of the Air Force (DAF) has sponsored several lines of effort since 2015 across the AFSPECWAR enterprise. This project aims to unify that work, which includes A&S programs that encompass the entire career progression of an operator, by developing a common set of nontechnical attributes for A&S, improving the accuracy of raters’ evaluations of candidate behaviors, and identifying gaps in A&S practices.

Assessment and Selection for U.S. Air Force Special Warfare: Vol. 1, Defining Attributes and Designing Rater Training

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Could the Houthis Be the Next Hizballah?: Iranian Proxy Development in Yemen and the Future of the Houthi Movement

Identifying Opportunities to Recruit More Individuals Above the Age of 21 into the U.S. Army

Assessment and Selection for U.S. Air Force Special Warfare: Vol. 1, Defining Attributes and Designing Rater Training