Oil sorbents play a very important part in the remediation processes of oil spills. To enhance the oil-sorption properties and simplify the oil-recovery process, various advanced oil sorbents and oil-collecting devices based on them have been proposed recently. Here, we firstly discuss the design considerations for the fabrication of oil sorbents and describe recently developed oil sorbents based on modification strategy. Then, recent advances regarding oil sorbents mainly based on carbon materials and swellable oleophilic polymers are also presented. Subsequently, some additional properties are emphasized, which are required by oil sorbents to cope with oil spills under extreme conditions or to facilitate the oil-collection processes. Furthermore, some oil-collection devices based on oil sorbents that have been developed recently are shown. Finally, an outlook and challenges for the next generation of oil-spill-remediation technology based on oil-sorbents materials are given.

Advanced Sorbents for Oil-Spill Cleanup: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives

Biopolymer aerogels were among the first aerogels produced, but only in the last decade has research on biopolymer and biopolymer-composite aerogels become popular, motivated by sustainability arguments, their unique and tunable properties, and ease of functionalization. Biopolymer aerogels and open-cell foams have great potential for classical aerogel applications such as thermal insulation, as well as emerging applications in filtration, oil-water separation, CO2 capture, catalysis, and medicine. The biopolymer aerogel field today is driven forward by empirical materials discovery at the laboratory scale, but requires a firmer theoretical basis and pilot studies to close the gap to market. This Review includes a database with over 3800 biopolymer aerogel properties, evaluates the state of the biopolymer aerogel field, and critically discusses the scientific, technological, and commercial barriers to the commercialization of these exciting materials.

Biopolymer Aerogels and Foams: Chemistry, Properties, and Applications.

A review of bio-based materials for oil spill treatment.

Aerogels derived from nanocellulose have emerged as attractive absorbents for cleaning up oil spills and organic pollutants due to their lightweight, exceptional absorption capacity, and sustainability. However, the majority of the nanocellulose aerogels based on the bottom-up fabrication process still lack sufficient mechanical robustness because of their disordered architecture with randomly assembled cellulose nanofibrils, which is an obstacle to their practical application as oil absorbents. Herein, we report an effective strategy to create anisotropic cellulose-based wood sponges with a special spring-like lamellar structure directly from natural balsa wood. The selective removal of lignin and hemicelluloses via chemical treatment broke the thin cell walls of natural wood, leading to a lamellar structure with wave-like stacked layers upon freeze-drying. A subsequent silylation reaction allowed the growth of polysiloxane coatings on the skeleton surface. The resulting silylated wood sponge exhibited h...

Highly Compressible Wood Sponges with a Spring-like Lamellar Structure as Effective and Reusable Oil Absorbents

Nanocellulose is a renewable and biocompatible nanomaterial with a high strength low density and tunable surface chemistry This review summarizes the main processing routes and significant properties of nanocellulose-based foams and aerogels Challenges, such as how to produce long-term stable wet foams or how to avoid structural collapse of the material during solvent removal using eg supercritical drying, are discussed Recent advances in the use of ice templating to generate iso- or anisotropic foams with tunable mechanical and thermal properties are highlighted We illustrate how the porous architecture and properties of nanocellulose-based foams and aerogels can be tailored for applications in eg thermal insulation and energy storage

/pdf/nanocellulose-based-foams-and-aerogels-processing-properties-57a7ubr1er.pdf

Nanocellulose-based foams and aerogels: processing, properties, and applications

The cellulose nanofibers of bacterial cellulose aerogel (BCA) are modified only on their surfaces using a trimethylsilylation reaction with trimethyichlorosilane in liquid phase followed by freeze-drying. The obtained hydrophobic bacterial cellulose aerogels (HBCAs) exhibit low density (≤6.77 mg/cm3), high surface area (≥169.1 m2/g), and high porosity (≈ 99.6%), which are nearly the same as those of BCA owing to the low degrees of substitution (≤0.132). Because the surface energy of cellulose nanofibers decreased and the three-dimensional web-like microstructure, which was comprised of ultrathin (20–80 nm) cellulose nanofibers, is maintained during the trimethylsilylation process, the HBCAs have hydrophobic and oleophilic properties (water/air contact angle as high as 146.5°) that endow them with excellent selectivity for oil adsorption from water. The HBCAs are able to collect a wide range of organic solvents and oils with absorption capacities up to 185 g/g, which depends on the density of the liquids. ...

Surface modification of bacterial cellulose aerogels' web-like skeleton for oil/water separation.

Fabrication of elastic silica-bacterial cellulose composite aerogels with nanoscale interpenetrating network by ultrafast evaporative drying

Elastic Agarose Nanowire Aerogels for Oil–Water Separation and Thermal Insulation

Aerogels are three-dimensional nanoporous materials with outstanding properties, especially great thermal insulation. Nevertheless, their extremely high brittleness restricts their practical application. Recently, although the mechanical properties of silica aerogels have been improved by regulating the precursor or introducing a polymer reinforcer, these preparation processes are usually tedious and time-consuming. The purpose of this study was to simplify the preparation process of these composite aerogels. A silicic acid solution treated with cation exchange resin was mixed with agarose (AG) to gel in situ, and then composite aerogels (CAs) with an interpenetrating network (IPN) structure were obtained by aging and supercritical CO2 fluid (SCF) drying. Compared to previous works, the presented CAs preparation process is briefer and more environmentally friendly. Moreover, the CAs exhibit a high specific surface area (420.5 m2/g), low thermal conductivity (28.9 mW m−1 K−1), excellent thermal insulation properties, and thermal stability. These results show that these CAs can be better used in thermal insulation.

https://www.mdpi.com/2310-2861/8/5/303/pdf?version=1652667677

Robust Silica–Agarose Composite Aerogels with Interpenetrating Network Structure by In Situ Sol–Gel Process

Robust composite aerogel beads with pomegranate-like structure for water-based thermal insulation coating

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