Vehicular networks are very likely to be deployed in the coming years and thus become the most relevant form of mobile ad hoc networks. In this paper, we address the security of these networks. We provide a detailed threat analysis and devise an appropriate security architecture. We also describe some major design decisions still to be made, which in some cases have more than mere technical implications. We provide a set of security protocols, we show that they protect privacy and we analyze their robustness and efficiency.

/pdf/securing-vehicular-ad-hoc-networks-4sgegi8hgk.pdf

Securing vehicular ad hoc networks

Multihop data delivery through vehicular ad hoc networks is complicated by the fact that vehicular networks are highly mobile and frequently disconnected. To address this issue, we adopt the idea of carry and forward, where a moving vehicle carries a packet until a new vehicle moves into its vicinity and forwards the packet. Being different from existing carry and forward solutions, we make use of predictable vehicle mobility, which is limited by traffic pattern and road layout. Based on the existing traffic pattern, a vehicle can find the next road to forward the packet to reduce the delay. We propose several vehicle-assisted data delivery (VADD) protocols to forward the packet to the best road with the lowest data-delivery delay. Experimental results show that the proposed VADD protocols outperform existing solutions in terms of packet-delivery ratio, data packet delay, and protocol overhead. Among the proposed VADD protocols, the hybrid probe (H-VADD) protocol has a much better performance.

/pdf/vadd-vehicle-assisted-data-delivery-in-vehicular-ad-hoc-1guagbf9dq.pdf

VADD: Vehicle-Assisted Data Delivery in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

This article presents an overview of highway cooperative collision avoidance (CCA), which is an emerging vehicular safety application using the IEEE- and ASTM-adopted Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) standard. Along with a description of the DSRC architecture, we introduce the concept of CCA and its implementation requirements in the context of a vehicle-to-vehicle wireless network, primarily at the Medium Access Control (MAC) and the routing layer. An overview is then provided to establish that the MAC and routing protocols from traditional Mobile Ad Hoc networks arc not directly applicable for CCA and similar safety-critical applications. Specific constraints and future research directions are then identified for packet routing protocols used to support such applications in the DSRC environment. In order to further explain the interactions between CCA and its underlying networking protocols, we present an example of the safety performance of CCA using simulated vehicle crash experiments. The results from these experiments arc also used to demonstrate the need for network data prioritization for safety-critical applications such as CCA. Finally, the performance sensitivity of CCA to unreliable wireless channels is discussed based on the experimental results.

Vehicle-to-vehicle wireless communication protocols for enhancing highway traffic safety

Ad hoc networks are a new wireless networking paradigm for mobile hosts. In this paper, we designed an intelligent transport system. The ITS (intelligent transport system) includes two big function modules: Information processing application system and Road condition information transferring system. The main task of the road condition information transferring module is in charge of the information exchange of the car inside, car to car and car to road. The module works in ad hoc network, we call the network VANET (vehicular ad-hoc network) . Vehicular networks are likely to become the most relevant form of mobile ad hoc networks. For the sake of insuring the system can run normally, the information can be transferring correctly and fleetly, the security of VANET (vehicular ad-hoc network) of the road condition information transferring system is crucial. So integrate the characteristics of ad hoc network itself, in the ITS of this paper, we concern the security issues of VANETs from some aspects and provide the appropriate solving measures. To make sure the ITS can be used under the security pattern.

Securing Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

In this paper, we introduce an efficient conditional privacy preservation (ECPP) protocol in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) to address the issue on anonymous authentication for safety messages with authority traceability. The proposed protocol is characterized by the generation of on-the-fly short-time anonymous keys between on-board units (OBUs) and roadside units (RSUs), which can provide fast anonymous authentication and privacy tracking while minimizing the required storage for short-time anonymous keys. We demonstrate the merits gained by the proposed protocol through extensive analysis.

/pdf/ecpp-efficient-conditional-privacy-preservation-protocol-for-162ij6kayx.pdf

ECPP: Efficient Conditional Privacy Preservation Protocol for Secure Vehicular Communications

The goal of the FleetNet project is to develop an air-interface for inter-car communication and road telematics. For the raido interface, the framework of the UMTS Terrrestrial Radio Access Time Division Duplex (UTRA TDD) air-interface shall be used with modifications. This paper introduces a concept for the air-interface, highlights the challenges for its use in an ad hoc network with rapidly changing topology and offers a description as well as an evaluation of the required changes within the medium access control and radio resource management layer

Medium access and radio resource management for ad hoc networks based on UTRA TDD

The aim of the invention is to adapt a transmission data rate to an existing transmission channel. To this end, the invention provides that the transmitter power and/or the coding method is/are selected in such a way that a maximally possible transmission data rate or minimal transmitter power can be used according to the transmission quality of the transmission channel.

Method and device for adapting a transmission data rate or a transmitter power to the transmission quality of a transmission channel

Radio stations in a radio communication system send messages from one radio station to another either directly or via one or several radio stations forwarding the messages by using radio resources. The radio resources are allocated in a decentralized manner to radio stations to send the message. At least one radio station sends information about first radio resources used for sending at least one message to the at least one radio station, the information about the first radio resources being sent by using second radio resources that are allocated to the at least one radio station.

Method for communicating in an ad-hoc radio communication system

Communication carried out over a frequency band divided into a plurality of subcarriers by messages transmitted between a first radio station and a second radio station in a plurality of hops between respectively adjacent radio stations arranged in hierarchical levels. A subset of the subcarriers is used for each hop. The subsets used are allocated by at least one higher level radio station and the composition of at least one of the subsets used varies over time.

Dynamic allocation of radio resources in a multicarrier communication system

The invention relates to a method for transmitting signals in a radio communication system consisting of at least two frequency signal-transmitting channels. At least the first (fcoord) of said frequency channels is used for organising radio resources, and at least the second (fi) of the frequency channels is used for transmitting signals between the stations of the system where the signal transmission is carried out by the frequency channels from/in a direction of said stations in conformity with a predefined temporal pattern (P1, P2, P3).

Method for transmitting signals in a radio communication system

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