https://www.cell.com/neuron/pdf/S0896-6273(14)00387-0.pdf

Discriminative and Affective Touch: Sensing and Feeling

▪ Abstract Over the past decade, the study of attention in infancy has seen dramatic progress. This review delineates four attentional functions (alertness, spatial orienting, attention to object features, and endogenous attention) that are relevant to infancy and uses these functions as a framework for summarizing the developmental course of attention in infancy. Rudimentary forms of various attentional functions are present at birth, but each of the functions exhibits different and apparently dissociable periods of postnatal change during the first years of life. The role of attention in development should therefore be considered in the context of interaction among different systems at different levels of maturity during the first years of life.

/pdf/the-development-of-visual-attention-in-infancy-2rl98jkbua.pdf

The Development of Visual Attention in Infancy

Statement on the care of the child with chronic lung disease of infancy and childhood.

Social support, support groups, and the cancer patient

us out of the "dark ages" during which we believed that the infant began life as a passive blob confronted with the task of making sense out of sensory chaos. Our current view considers the newborn infant to be active, capable of organizing complex information, selectively attentive, and capable of rapid learning. Upon careful examination, it appears that our acceptance of the young infant as a competent though immature organism has been largely confined to the domain of per ceptual and cognitive skills. When we consider research on early social relations, we find that while we were documenting the "remark able" perceptual and cognitive abilities of young infants, early social development continued to be studied under the "passive blob model" of the infant. Recognition of the infant as an active and competent contributor to the developing social relationships with caretakers has been late in coming, and in spite of several recent contributions (e.g., Lewis & Rosenblum, 1974) is not yet widespread. The purpose of this paper is to make explicit the ways in which the competent infant is instrumental in establishing those social con ditions which are considered supportive of infant development. I will argue that the infant is preadapted to be selectively attentive to the kinds of stimulation provided by people and that the infant is equipped with a repertoire of behaviors which effectively capture adult attention and facilitate effective adult-infant interactions. This, in turn, facilitates development. Moreover, I wish to argue that the central reciprocity in early social relationships between infants and caretakers is mediated by mutual enhancement of "feelings of efficacy" as defined by White (1959). The model which I propose focuses upon conditions that con tribute to feelings of efficacy generated in caretakers and infants by their interactions, namely the extent to which each member of the dyad provides the other with contingency experience. Although I mean

https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdfplus/23084549.pdf

Social Competence in Infancy: A Model of Parent-Infant Interaction.

Serious and prolonged illness such as childhood leukemia is a common source of stress that poses major problems of adjustment, not only for the patient but also for family members. It is important to emphasize family as well as individual reactions in coping with stress since the family has a unique responsibility for mediating the reactions of its members.

Family Mediation of Stress

Observation of neonates revealed that when crying infants are picked up and put to the shoulder, they not only stop crying but they frequently alert and scan the environment. In order to explore the relations between soothing and visual alertness, 12 2-3-day-old healthy females were picked up while crying and put alternately to the right and left shoulder and propped to a sitting position. For 30 seconds following these interventions, incidences of alerting and scanning were recorded. For control trials the same was done without any intervention. Results reflect significant differences between positions in alerting and scanning. Each infant alerted and scanned in the majority of trials when put to the shoulder. Handling alone did not induce alertness significantly more often than control trials. The implications of the findings were discussed, particularly with respect to animal and human research on the effects of early stimulation.

https://www.jstor.org/stable/info/1126609

Visual alertness as related to soothing in neonates: implications for maternal stimulation and early deprivation.

Implications for Mother-Infant Relationship and Later Development

School management of the seriously ill child

Is there a right to die—quickly?

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