Imagined communities: Reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism

It comes as something ofa surprise to reflect that the New York Review ofBooks is now over twenty years old. Even people of my generation (that is, old enough to remember the revolutionary 196os but not young enough to have taken a very exciting part in them) think of the paper as eternally youthful. In fact, it has gone through years of relatively quiet life, yet, as always in a competitive journalistic market, it is the controversies that attract the interest of the reader and to which the history (especially an admittedly impressionistic survey that tries to include something of the intellectual context in which a journal has operated) must give some attention. Not all the attacks which the New York Review has attracted, both early in its career and more recently, are worth more than a brief summary. What do we now make, for example, of Richard Kostelanetz's forthright accusation that 'The New York Review was from its origins destined to publicize Random House's (and especially [Jason] Epstein's) books and writers'?1 Well, simply that, even if the statistics bear out the charge (and Kostelanetz provides some suggestive evidence to support it, at least with respect to some early issues), there is nothing surprising in a market economy about a publisher trying to push his books through the pages of a journal edited by his friends. True, the New York Review has not had room to review more than around fifteen books in each issue and there could be a bias in the selection of

http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdfplus/3507774.pdf

The New York Review of Books

Vibrational and vibronic relaxation and related energy redistribution play an important role in many photoinduced processes of molecules. In the condensed phase, in which collision-induced relaxation is of particular relevance, these phenomena occur on a very rapid time scale between several tens of femtoseconds and 100 ps (1, 2). Spectroscopy with ultrashort laser pulses has been widely applied to elucidate the dynamics and physical mechanisms of intraand intermolecular energy redistribution (3, 4). Indeed, time resolved experiments have provided extensive information not accessible by other experimental techniques. In this article, we present a review on vibrational and vibronic relaxation of large molecules in liquids. Photoinduced redistribution processes of molecules, which consist typically of 20 or more atoms, are considered. We discuss. femtoand picosecond spectroscopy of the intramolecular redistribution and the intermolecular energy transfer from vibrationally hot molecules to their (cold) surrounding. We focus on measurements of vibrational and vibronic lifetimes, as well as on studies of energy redis­ tribution and transport. However, we will not consider dephasing of vibranic or vibrational states, relaxation processes connected to the

VIBRATIONAL AND VIBRONIC RELAlXATION OF LARGE POL-yrATOMIC MOLECULES IN LIQUIDS

Investigating mitochondrial redox state using NADH and NADPH autofluorescence

Discussions of citizenship and citizenship education have been conducted largely within the worldview of stable, Western societies and have been based on psychological models that emphasize individual cognition. The concepts of citizenship that evolved in this context have become taken for granted. But during the past decade, different concepts of citizenship have arisen from emergent democracies, from societies in transition, from the dissolution of the left-right spectrum in Western society, and from a changing perspective in psychological theory that attends to language and to social and cultural context. These developments have implications for defining the goals of citizenship education and for formulating educational programs, particularly in relation to identity, positioning, narratives, and efficacy.

Constructing the Citizen

1. Introduction: paradoxes of democratisation in post-communist Belarus E. Korosteleva, Colin Lawson and Rosalind Marsh 2. History and politics in post-Soviet Belarus: the foundations David Marples 3. Explaining post-communist authoritarianism in Belarus Vital Silitski 4. Difficulties of elite formation in Belarus after 1991 Olga Belova-Gille 5. Party system development in post-communist Belarus Elena Korosteleva 6. Electoral politics of Belarus compared Christian Haerpfer 7. President and opposition: specific features of the Belarusian political scene David Rotman and Aliaksandr Danilov 8. Belarus: in search of national identity between 1986 and 2000 Jan Zaprudnik 9. Path-dependence and the economy of Belarus: the consequences of late reforms Colin Lawson 10. Economic policy in Belarus from official and oppositional perspectives Nagezhda Lisovskaia and Julia Korosteleva 11. Russia and Belarus: the quest for the union or who will pay for Belarus' s path to recovery Anastasia Nesvetailova 12. Belarus's external relations Denis Krivosheev 13. Belarus's relations wit the European Union: a western perspective Teresa Dumasy 14. Afterword: the presidential election of September 2001 Index

Contemporary Belarus: Between Democracy and Dictatorship

1. Introduction: women's studies and women's issues in Russia, Ukraine and the postSoviet states Rosalind Marsh Part I. Women in History: From the Seventeenth to the Twentieth-Century: 2. Peter the Great's two weddings: changing images of women in a transitional age Lindsey Hughes 3. Women in a warrior society: Don Cossack women 1860-1914 Shane O'Rourke 4. Teacups and coffins: the culture of Russian merchant women, 1850-1917 Catriona Kelly 5. Vera Figner and revolutionary autobiographies: the influence of gender on genre Hilde Hoogenboom 6. Equality and difference in women's history: where does Russia fit in? Linda Edmondson Part II. Women in the USSR and Post-Soviet Russia: Sexuality, Identity, Health and Reproduction: 7. Managing the female organism: doctors and the medicalization of women's paid work in Soviet Russia during the 1920s Janet Hyer 8. Innocence and sexuality in Soviet medical discourse Susan Gross Solomon 9. Abortion and women's health in Russia and the former Soviet Union Christopher Williams 10. The status of gays and lesbians in Russian-Soviet-Russian society James Riordan 11. Young women and subcultural lifestyles: a case of 'irrational needs'? Hilary Pilkington 12. 'Fullfrontal': perestroika and sexual politics Elena Stishova Part III. Women and Work: 13. Why be a shock worker or a Stakhanovite? Mary Buckley 14. Industrial working conditions and the political economy of female labour Donald Filtzer 15. 'Generals without armies, commanders without troops': Gorbachev's 'protection' of female workers Melanie Ilic 16. The return of the family farm: a future for women? Sue Bridger 17. The post-Soviet woman in the move to the market: a return to domesticity and dependence Lynne Attwood Part IV. Feminism and Politics in Russia and Ukraine: 18. The 'woman question' and problems of maternity in post-communist Russia Elena Sargent 19. The Russian women's movement Rosalind March and Anastasiia Posadskaia 20. Feminism and post-communist Ukrainian society Solomea Pavlychko 21. Christian virgin or pagan goddess: feminism versus the eternally feminine in Ukraine Marian J. Rubchak.

Women in Russia and Ukraine

Preface Notes on the Contributors Introduction A.Bull, H.Diamond & R.Marsh PART I: THEORETICAL ISSUES AND DEBATES Sexual Metaphors and Current Feminisms H.Haste Feminist Challenges to 'Common Sense' V.Bryson Feminisms and Women's Movements in the 1990s M.Humm Words and Actions: Feminist in Masculinities Theory M.Orr Love as a Political Practice: The Example of the Love for the Mother L.Muraro Luce Irigaray and Citizenship: 'The Civil Woman', a Project for the 1990s? C.Velu Theorizing Feminism in Postcommunism P.Watson 'Something Unnatural': Attitudes to Feminism in Russia S.Bridger PART II: DEVELOPMENTS IN INDIVIDUAL COUNTRIES British Feminism in the 1990s V.Randall Feminism and the Parity Debate in France C.Duchen Looking Back, Looking Forward: Looking at Italian Feminism/s P.Bono Mothers and Daughters in Italian Feminism: An Overview A.Giorgio Conflicting Conceptions of Feminism in United Germany J.Teschner New Mothers' Campaigning Organizations in Russia A.White 'It's About Helping Women to Believe in Themselves': Grassroots Women's Organizations in Contemporary Russian Society R.Kay Women's Discordant Voices in the Context of the 1998 Parliamentary Elections in Ukraine S.Pavlychko Index

Feminisms and Women's Movements in Contemporary Europe

Acknowledgements List of contributors 1. Introduction: new perspectives on women and gender in Russian literature Rosalind Marsh Part I. Historical and Biographical Perspectives: 2. Women in seventeenth-century Russian literature Rosalind McKenzie 3. Conflicts over gender and status in early nineteenth-century Russian literature: the case of Anna Bunina and her Padenie faetona Wendy Rosslyn 4. Reading the future: women and fortune-telling in Russia (1770-1840) Faith Wigzell 5. Russian women writers of the nineteenth century Ol'ga Demidova 6. The 'woman question' of the 1860s, and the ambiguity of the 'learned woman' Arja Rosenholm 7. Carving out a career: women prose writers, 1885-1920, the biographical background Charlotte Rosenthall 8. The fate of women writers in literature at the beginning of the twentieth century: 'A. Mire', Anna Mar, Lidiia Zinov'eva-Annibal Mariia Mikhailova 9. Lidiia Zinov'eva-Annibal's 'The singing ass': a woman's view of men and Eros Pamela Davidson 10. Anastasiia Verbitskaia reconsidered Rosalind Marsh 11. Soviet woman of the 1980s: self-portrait in poetry Elena Trofimova Part II. The Perspective Of Literary Criticism: 12. The silence of rebellion: women in the work of Leonid Andreev Eva Buchwald 13. Poor Liza: the sexual politics of Elizaveta Bam Daniil Kharms Graham Roberts 14. The crafting of a self: Lidiia Ginzburg's early journal Jane Gary Harris 15. Voyeurism and ventriloquism: Anatolii Velichanskii's Podzemnaia nimfa Gerald S. Smith 16 Thinking (self) in the poetry of Ol'ga Sedakova Stephanie Sandler 17. Women's space and women's place in contemporary Russian fiction Helena Goscilo Index.

Gender and Russian literature : new perspectives

A new approach to time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy based on stimulated emission depletion (STED) of two-photon excited states is presented. combined with time-resolved detection, STED can circumvent orientational averaging constraints and spontaneous emission selection rules inherent in all conventional techniques. Applications of STED to the study of molecular probe dynamics are presented, together with studies of STED dynamics in a new push-push two-photon chromophore.

Time-resolved stimulated emission depletion in two-photon excited states.

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