Holocene fire history in China: Responses to climate change and human activities.

http://ir.yic.ac.cn/bitstream/133337/25086/1/Human%20impact%20overwhelms%20long-term%20climate%20control%20of%20fire%20in%20the%20Yangtze%20River%20Basin%20since%203.0%20ka%20BP.pdf

Human impact overwhelms long-term climate control of fire in the Yangtze River Basin since 3.0 ka BP

. The fire history of the Tibetan Plateau over centennial to millennial
timescales is not well known. Recent ice core studies reconstruct fire
history over the past few decades but do not extend through the Holocene.
Lacustrine sedimentary cores, however, can provide continuous records of
local environmental change on millennial scales during the Holocene through
the accumulation and preservation of specific organic molecular biomarkers.
To reconstruct Holocene fire events and vegetation changes occurring on the
southeastern Tibetan Plateau and the surrounding areas, we used a multi-proxy
approach, investigating multiple biomarkers preserved in core sediment
samples retrieved from Paru Co, a small lake located in the Nyainqentanglha
Mountains (29 ∘ 47 ′ 45.6 ′ ′  N, 92 ∘ 21 ′ 07.2 ′ ′  E;
4845 m a.s.l.). Biomarkers include n -alkanes as indicators of vegetation,
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as combustion proxies, fecal sterols
and stanols (FeSts) as indicators of the presence of humans or grazing
animals, and finally monosaccharide anhydrides (MAs) as specific markers of
vegetation burning processes. Insolation changes and the associated influence
on the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) affect the vegetation distribution and
fire types recorded in Paru Co throughout the Holocene. The early Holocene
(10.7–7.5 cal kyr BP) n -alkane ratios demonstrate oscillations between
grass and conifer communities, resulting in respective smouldering fires
represented by levoglucosan peaks, and high-temperature fires represented by
high-molecular-weight PAHs. Forest cover increases with a strengthened ISM,
where coincident high levoglucosan to mannosan (L  ∕  M)
ratios are consistent with conifer burning. The decrease in
the ISM at 4.2 cal kyr BP corresponds with the expansion of regional
civilizations, although the lack of human FeSts above the method detection
limits excludes local anthropogenic influence on fire and vegetation changes.
The late Holocene is characterized by a relatively shallow lake surrounded by
grassland, where all biomarkers other than PAHs display only minor
variations. The sum of PAHs steadily increases throughout the late Holocene,
suggesting a net increase in local to regional combustion that is separate
from vegetation and climate change.

/pdf/fire-vegetation-and-holocene-climate-in-a-southeastern-5ojhexsnrw.pdf

Fire, vegetation, and Holocene climate in a southeastern Tibetan lake: a multi-biomarker reconstruction from Paru Co

We identified four climatic stages between 6.2 and 1.3 cal kyr before present (BP) based on pollen and charcoal concentrations by high-resolution Accelerated mass spectrometer (AMS) C-14-dated sediment profile from Taiwan's Toushe Basin. From 6.2 to 4.6 cal kyr BP, the region was warm-wet with infrequent wildfires and dominant subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests. The climate was cooler-drier from 4.6 to 3.0 cal kyr BP, with a decline in forest and increased fire frequency. From 3.0 to 2.1 cal kyr BP, climate further cooled and dried, with the development of alpine meadows and higher fire frequency. The region became warmer and wetter from 2.1 to 1.3 cal kyr BP, accompanied by forest recovery. Climatic changes were linked to changes in East Asia Summer Monsoon intensity, which is mainly controlled by solar radiation. Wildfires were likely controlled by precipitation variability that is influenced by East Asia Summer Monsoon and El Nino-Southern Oscillation. Toushe Basin experienced drought conditions and frequent wildfires during the El Nino years. Plain Language Summary The purpose of our study is to reveal the relationship between paleoclimate, vegetation, and wildfire. The study area is located in the Toushe Basin, central Taiwan. Through palynological and charcoal analysis, the vegetation, climate, and wildfire history of the past 6,000 to 1,000 years in the study area were reconstructed. The study found that after 4,600 years, the East Asian summer monsoon continued to weaken until approximately 2,000 years ago, during which time the climate was dry and cool, and wildfires were frequent. In addition, it is found that the climate in this region is mainly controlled by the changes in solar radiation. The cycle of climate change coincides with that of solar activity. In El Nino years, the Toushe Basin was dry and frequent wildfires occurred.

Paleofire, Vegetation, and Climate Reconstructions of the Middle to Late Holocene From Lacustrine Sediments of the Toushe Basin, Taiwan

/pdf/pollen-and-non-pollen-palynomorph-analyses-of-upper-holocene-c93kns2mj1.pdf

Pollen and non-pollen palynomorph analyses of Upper Holocene sediments from Dianshan, Yangtze coastal lowlands, China: Hydrology, vegetation history and human activity

Holocene fire history in eastern monsoonal region of China and its controls

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Holocene fire history in eastern monsoonal region of China and its controls