................................................................................................................... xv CHAPTER ONE ..............................................................................................................

Effect of financial risk on financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya

The banking industry has been going through rapid transformation due to progressive economic reforms, changing demographics and fast-paced technological developments. Banks in India have been facing multitudinous challenges such as regulatory risks, upgradation of technology, intense competition, workforce challenges and operational risk. Workforce challenge plays a vital role among other challenges. The extant literature review shows that several studies have identified various workforce challenges of banks. However, their impact has not been quantified for effective risk mitigation. Such studies are more observatory than investigational. The present study aims to identify the major workforce challenges of banks through a structured approach that includes literature review, focus group discussion, assimilation of consultancy reports and conducting risk perception survey. The scope of the current study is limited to Indian public and private sector banks. As per literature review, the major workforce challenges identified are lack of required skills, performance management, inadequate recruitment and career planning and increasing staff cost. The workforce challenges are identified using factor analysis and a conceptual model is proposed for mitigation of key challenges.

Workforce Challenges in Indian Banking Scenario – Journey from Identification Till Mitigation

Management of Operational Risk in J&K Bank Limited

The purpose of this paper is to construct a risk quantification model to achieve the accurate operational risk management and gain the satisfying estimation and control of future possible extreme losses by using capital charges to assess operational risk. The paper takes a case bank as the research object and compares the differences under various circumstances engaging the Basic Indicator Approach, the Standardized Approach, and the Advanced Measurement Approach for the operational risk capital requirement of a bank. The results indicate that it is more appropriate to adopt the Advanced Measurement Approach to estimate the operational risk capital requirement; this way can help a bank enjoy a much lessened capital charge required and subsequently its available capital increases. Hence, it allows a bank to have sufficient funds in operations and reduce the burden of capital costs. Therefore, it will bring the positive benefits to the whole banking industry when enforcing the Advanced Measurement Approach.

The optimal operational risk capital requirement by applying the advanced measurement approach

This paper aims to provide new insights on the understanding of stress and using this concept in operational risk management. We identify three main lines of definitions of stress: situations having the potential for disruption, the consequences of being exposed to various threats, and the interaction between condition and response to pressures. Based on grounded theory as a methodology and from discussion and linking stress to the concept of uncertainty, this work suggests a new definition of stress as a "two-dimensional combination of threat and coping capability associated with uncertainty". Stress is formalised as (Th, Cc, U), where Th represents the threat (or amount of pressure), Cc represents coping capability, and U represents uncertainty about the magnitude of the threat and existing capabilities of coping with it. The present paper introduces three interrelated strands of operational risk: sense making, decision making, and performance. Using many examples related to operational risk in banking, this study demonstrates how different components of the proposed definition of stress may influence exposure to operational risk in each of its strands.

How to understand and define stress in an operational risk context

Capital charges for operational risk in the Indian banking sector: alternative measures

Operational risk measurement for the indian banking sector: alternative measures

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Capital charges for operational risk in the Indian banking sector: alternative measures

Operational risk measurement for the indian banking sector: alternative measures