物件導向軟體之架構(Object-Oriented Software Construction)探討

New Patterns of Management.

Software fault localization, the act of identifying the locations of faults in a program, is widely recognized to be one of the most tedious, time consuming, and expensive – yet equally critical – activities in program debugging. Due to the increasing scale and complexity of software today, manually locating faults when failures occur is rapidly becoming infeasible, and consequently, there is a strong demand for techniques that can guide software developers to the locations of faults in a program with minimal human intervention. This demand in turn has fueled the proposal and development of a broad spectrum of fault localization techniques, each of which aims to streamline the fault localization process and make it more effective by attacking the problem in a unique way. In this article, we catalog and provide a comprehensive overview of such techniques and discuss key issues and concerns that are pertinent to software fault localization as a whole.

A Survey on Software Fault Localization

Social Stratification in Science

This paper briefly summarizes software reuse research, discusses major research contributions and unsolved problems, provides pointers to key publications, and introduces four papers selected from The Eighth International Conference on Software Reuse (ICSR8).

/pdf/software-reuse-research-status-and-future-4zojhb6f1y.pdf

Software reuse research: status and future

The study of storage and retrieval methods of software assets in software libraries gives rise to a number of paradoxes: While this subject has been under investigation for nearly two decades, it still remains an active area of research in software reuse and software engineerings this can be explained by the observation that new technologies (such as the internet, the world wide web, objectdoriented programming) keep opening new opportunities for better asset packaging, better library organizations, and larger scale libraries – thereby posing new technical challenges. Also, while many sophisticated solutions have been proposed to this problem, the state of the practice in software reuse is characterized by the use of addhoc, lowdtech methodss this can be explained by the observation that most existing solutions are either too ineffective to be useful or too intractable to be usable. Finally, while it is difficult to imagine a successful software reuse program without a sophisticated, welldtuned, systematic procedure for software component storage and retrieval, it seems many successful software reuse experiments rely on trivial methods of component storage and retrievals this can be explained by the observation that, in the current state of the practice, software libraries are not the bottleneck of the software reuse process. This paper presents a survey of methods of storage and retrieval of software assets in software libraries. In addition to a review of existing research efforts, the paper makes two contributions. First, a definition of (presumably) orthogonal attributes of storage and retrieval methodss these attributes are used, in turn, to classify existing methods into six broad classes. Second, a definition of (presumably) orthogonal assessment criteria, which include technical, managerial and human factorss these criteria afford us an exhaustive and uniform basis for assessing and comparing individual methods and classes of methods.

A survey of software reuse libraries

Software libraries are repositories which contain software components; as such, they represent a precious resource for the software engineer. As software libraries grow in size, it becomes increasingly difficult to maintain adequate precision and recall with informal retrieval algorithms. In this paper, we discuss the design and implementation of a storage and retrieval structure for software components that is based on formal specifications and on the refinement ordering between specifications.

Storing and retrieving software components: a refinement based system

Software reuse poses a number of challenges, ranging from managerial to technical - not least of these is the problem of storing and retrieving software components in a time efficient manner. This paper presents the design and implementation of an automated software repository, where software components can be automatically stored and retrieved. This repository is based on a formal representation of programs and their specifications, as well as a refinement ordering of these specifications. >

In view of the recent developments in many countries, for example, in the USA and in the UK, it appears that computer science education (CSE) in primary or secondary schools (K-12) has reached a significant turning point, shifting its focus from ICT-oriented to rigorous computer science concepts. The goal of this special issue is to offer a publication platform for soundly based in-depth experiences that have been made around the world with concepts, approaches, or initiatives that aim at supporting this shift. For this purpose, the article format was kept as large as possible, enabling the authors to explain many facets of their concepts and experiences in detail. Regarding the structure of the articles, we had encouraged the authors to lean on the Darmstadt Model, a category system that was developed to support the development, improvement, and investigation of K-12 CSE across regional or national boundaries. This model could serve as a unifying framework that might provide a proper structure for a well-founded critical discussion about the future of K-12 CSE. Curriculum designers or policy stakeholders, who have to decide, which approach an upcoming national initiative should follow, could benefit from this discussion as well as researchers who are investigating K12 CSE in any regard. With this goal in mind, we have selected six extensive and two short case studies from the UK, New Zealand, USA/Israel, France, Sweden, Georgia (USA), Russia, and Italy that provide an in-depth analysis of K-12 CSE in their respective country or state.

Perspectives and Visions of Computer Science Education in Primary and Secondary (K-12) Schools

Informatics education-Supporting computational thinking

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Papers

A survey of software reuse libraries

Storing and retrieving software components: a refinement based system

Storing and retrieving software components: a refinement based system

Perspectives and Visions of Computer Science Education in Primary and Secondary (K-12) Schools

Informatics education-Supporting computational thinking